Emotional Intelligence Impact An Employees Communication...

Introduction This paper will address how emotional intelligence impacts an employees’ communication and success in an organization. Recognizing, understanding and managing the verbal and non-verbal emotions of themselves and others can positively impact their performance and the organizations. Emotional intelligence could be the missing link from taking an organization from good to great. Emotional Intelligence: The Missing Link The understanding of how individuals with average intellectual intelligence (IQ) could outperform an individual with a higher IQ was perplexing and unknown until the 1970’s. During this time psychologist began researching how one individual’s personal competencies and social competencies effected their success and performance in the workplace; these competencies are known as emotional intelligence (EQ). Dissecting the two competencies can then be broken down further: A. Personal Competence: The ability to stay aware and manage your own emotions, behaviors and tendencies. a. Self-Awareness: The ability to accurately interpret your emotions and stay mindful of them as they develop. b. Self-Management: The ability to utilize the awareness of your emotions to remain adaptable and positively direct your behavior. B. Social Competence: Your ability to recognize others’ personalities, moods and motives. a. Social-Awareness: Your ability to accurately analyze and interpret the emotions of others’. b. Relationship Management: Your ability toShow MoreRelatedHow Organizational Change Triggers Emotions And How Leaders Use Emotional Intelligence925 Words   |  4 Pages How Organizational Change Triggers Emotions and How Leaders Use Emotional Intelligence In today’s business world organizations are constantly forced to implement changes in an effort to grow and survive. 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Organizations place leaders in place that have an understanding on how to maintain emotions while in upper positions. Leadership is responsible for the emotional standard that is set throughout the organization. Growth and development leads to the success of handling proper emotionalRead MoreThe Five Functions Of Management1649 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical skills, delegation skills, possess emotional intelligent and self-awareness skills, administration skills, and time management skills. I will reveal how these traits coincide with the five functions of management. The five functions of management are known as planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling. I will also talk about the importance of managerial relationships within an organization, and how these relationships impact an organization. I will also explain the importanceRead MoreEmotional Intelligence has Importance in Business Ethics Essay examples1355 Words   |  6 PagesConcept of emotional intelligence has an very important impact on managerial practice (Ashkanasy daus, 2002).emotional intelligence may reflect the idea that success is not only determined by abilities like verbal and quantitative abilities (while quantitative ability means interpret the meaning in numbers) but also by abilities that pertains emotions (Cote Miners, 2006). That’s means emotional intelligence has a lot of importance in business ethics. Although emotional intelligence is a abilityRead MoreManagement Assignment: Human Intelligence Essay1292 Words   |  6 Pagesconcentrated upon the intelligence of individuals and held the point of view that intelligent people in terms of IQ succeeded more. However, these ideas are continually challenged by the idea of emotional intelligence being key indicators of management performance (cited in Khosravi, Manafi, Hojabri, Aghapour and Gheshmi, 2011, pg 3). Emotional intelligence is ones ability to perc eive and regulate other people’s emotions (cited in Sadri, 2012, pg 536). In present society, emotional intelligence of management

Nazi Film Melodrama By Laura Heins - 1421 Words

Often underestimated, the arts have time and time again proven that they are powerful. The arts in all and any of its forms has the power to move masses, it has the power to either end or start movements. Adolf Hitler knew the power the arts had, he knew that controlling art would allow him to control culture and in turn allow him to control people. The control of the arts was key to the success Nazi Germany had. It was Adolf Hitler’s belief that Germany’s destiny was to lead in terms of culture; Germany had to set the example of prime European culture. Some examples of art that Nazi Germany controlled were paintings, sculptures, literature, music, architecture, and film. Film was just one of the forums the Nazi regime used as a means to†¦show more content†¦Whatever achievements the Jewish peoples made were not worthy enough for the Fuhrer. Laura Heins focuses on what makes melodramas so popular as forms of entertainment and organizes her chapters thematically explaining the pros and cons of melodramas pertaining to the themes. Heins explains that the German government used melodramas to push their unfavorable view towards the Jews and their favored views of the Aryan way of life. Laura Heins wrote about a film, Jud Sà ¼ss, â€Å"The most notorious example of a Nazi propaganda film, Jud Sà ¼ss (Jew Sà ¼ss, 1940), cast a Jewish figure as the aristocratic villain, superimposing virulent racism onto the unresolved complexes of class and gender difference derived from both eighteenth-century bourgeois tragedy and nineteenth-century sensational melodrama.† According to Heins, the film was the most evident statement of propaganda from Germany. In the film the Jewish antagonist is someone who is extremely well off and the protagonist Dorothea, a middle class German girl, is forced into the rich Jewish man’s (Sà ¼ss) bed. Films like Jud Sà ¼ss got people extremely upset, this helped feed the negative view that people began t o have of Jewish people. More and more they saw them as opportunistic and sexual individuals; they were seen as greedy in every way. In this example, the message that the Nazi government was trying to portray was clear, but the message can be blurred. Melodramas were written with the intent to stand

Media Studies †Podcasting and Radio Free Essays

Ben Hammersley of the Guardian first discussed the advent of podcasting technology only two years ago (Hammersley, 2004). Yet this newly created communications channel has grown from being a small niche market   – with only six thousand hits on Google in 2004 according to Terdimann (2004) as compared to today’s excess of forty-one million (Google, 2006). Podcasting has changed radio with breathtaking speed, removing almost all barriers to access in ways that Internet radio was never able to on its own. We will write a custom essay sample on Media Studies – Podcasting and Radio or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper will discuss how and why podcasting is the radio of the future because of its convenience, intimacy and ease of access. Podcasting Defined In simple terms, podcasting is a digital music file that is presented to the end user within an RSS feed, where RSS is a grouping of different feed formats used to update and publish web content. Users subscribe to an RSS to listen to audio files, are automatically updated each time a new file is uploaded, and can listen to the podcasts on any MP3 player. What makes podcasting unusual is the automatic updating portion of the system: instead of having to return to a particular website to see if the content has been updated, the users’ subscribed-to feeds automatically deliver the content on-demand. A Brief History of Radio as Related to Podcasting Initially, radio was used in the late 19th century for users separated by geography to communicate. However, other people started ‘overhearing’ these radio transmissions and slowly it became a means with which to talk to a larger populace, evidenced by BBC’s start-up three decades later. It didn’t take long for radio listeners to realize radio’s potential scope as shown by comments made in 1930: â€Å"The radio would be the finest possible communication apparatus in public life, a vast network of pipes. That is to say, it would be if it knew how to receive as well as to transmit, how to let the listener speak as well as hear, how to bring him into a relationship not isolating him (Bretcht, 1993). Interestingly, these comments seem to describe podcasting to a tee, as anyone can transmit information using this technology, with no higher authority monitoring its use. A similar growth pattern is seen when reviewing the advent of Internet radio as well, with the 1995 creation of Real Audio software, allowing radio stations to send transmissions through the Internet instead of through other, more traditional processes (Priestman, 2001). While this was a huge breakthrough in technology and access to mediums previously controlled by geography and cost, it still made Internet radio dependent on positioning: you had to be in front of a computer to listen (Wall, 2004). This lack of portability has somewhat been trumped by new WiFi radio options in the UK (Rose, 2005), but that discussion is beyond the scope of this paper. Podcastings’ Origins Portable music devices first appeared in the late 90’s (Van Buskirk, 2005) but it wasn’t until Apple’s 2001 release of the iPod that podcasting became a household name. At that time, no other commercial venture had successfully sold legally available songs online and then facilitated transferring them onto a digital media device. Podcasting Success Factors We must go back in time to 1996 to determine just why MP3 players such as the iPod and podcasting in general took off at such an alarming rate. It was at this time when The Telecommunications Act of 1996 changed American radio forever by allowing companies to own more than four radio stations in a specific market and more than forty nationwide, both of which were previous limiters (Mann, 2005). This allowed Clear Channel, one of the more infamous radio station consolidators, to merge well over one thousand stations across the U.S. using their tried-and-true content-weak system of providing lots of specifically targeted music to a specifically targeted consumer and the addition of even more commercial time. It seems evident, then, that radio listeners were well primed for an on-demand music service with fewer (or no) commercials without the WalMart of radio forcing listening decisions. How Has, and Will, Podcasting Changed Radio? In a sense, podcasting has changed radio into a new medium entirely. Now anyone, anywhere, with no prior radio, media or telecommunications knowledge can create a podcast for listeners around the world to enjoy, respond to and interact with. Plus, it has provided access to public figures in ways that radio couldn’t previously, as with Vice-Presidential candidate John Edwards’ kitchen table talks or President Bush’s weekly radio addresses (see http://www.whitehouse.gov/radio). Future applications of podcasting technology are only limited by the accessibility of MP3 players and the ingenuity of the users. The next step of all-access, user-driven radio is to have the smaller hand-held devices download podcasts (technology which is just become available now) through wireless technology. This will work in tandem with current movement towards Wi-Max networks (where entire cities have wireless access availability instead of merely chosen ‘hotspots’), enabling users to save the costs of downloading content through their cellular phone providers or current fatport company. In fact, the Nokia N91 was to be released earlier this year with this same technology on board (Rose, 2005). Yet as MacFarland stated in 1997: â€Å"The answer will lie not so much in technical improvements to audio reproduction as in improvements to the product the audience is seeking – programming that is responsive to the listener’s needs. Conventional radio stations have already picked up on this trend such as the Boston-based â€Å"Jack FM† which boasts an iPod-like random playlist complete with an â€Å"I don’t care† attitude as shown by the DJ’s frequent mentions of the company’s tag line: Playing What We Want. Although podcasting may not reconnect traditional radio listeners with their radio roots (such as CBC has done in Canada with Radio One), it may add increased interest on the part of listeners, intent on learning more about new media and music not previously available to them. Some media experts may feel that podcasting is the end of radio as we know it, but rather it should be looked at as new way, method, technology and available to connect intimately with an audience hard to pin down and even harder to communicate with. Works Cited B, Brecht. â€Å"The Radio as an Apparatus of Communication’.† Radiotexte. Ed. Neil Strauss . New York: Semiotext(e), 1993. â€Å"SEARCH: Podcasting.† Google. Google. 30 Nov 2006 http://www.google.ca/search?hl=enq=podcastingmeta=. Hammersley, B. â€Å"Audible revolution.† Guardian Unlimited: Technology. 12 Feb 2004. Media Guardian. 30 Nov 2006 http://technology.guardian.co.uk/online/story/0,3605,1145689,00.html. Mann, Charles. â€Å"The Ressurection of Indie Radio.† Wired Magazine 13.03Mar 2005 30 Nov 2005. Priestman, Chris. Web Radio: Production for Internet Streaming. London: Focal Press, 2001. Rose, Frank. â€Å"Battle for the Soul of the MP3 Phone’.† Wired Magazine 13.11Nov 2005 30 Nov 2006. Terdiman, Daniel. â€Å"You, Too, Can Be a Podcaster.† Wired News 31 Dec 2004 30 Nov 2006. Wall, T. â€Å"The Political Economy of Internet Radio.† The Radio Journal 2(2004): 27-44. Van Buskirk, Eliot. â€Å"Introducing the World’s First MP3 Player.† MP3 Insider. 21 Jan 2005. CNET Reviews. 30 Nov 2006 http://reviews.cnet.com/4520-6450_7-5622055-1.html.          How to cite Media Studies – Podcasting and Radio, Essay examples

Practical Approach to Intelligent Analysis - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about thePractical Approach to Intelligent Analysis. Answer: Project Stakeholders Food is a basic necessity for each person making it among the most popular business ideas among young entrepreneur. With the recent increase in demand for Asian cuisine the business project theme shall be organizing a Asian Food Festival which shall be held at the University of Sussex. The key stakeholders would be the University of Sussex staff and students, local businesses as well as the neighboring community. To maximize the success and attendance at the Asia food festival a detailed communication plan shall be developed which covers all forms of media communication which will ensure the maximum number of people are informed regarding the food festival. The demand for Asia cuisine is on the rise globally thus this theme and idea has been adopted to influence stakeholders as it is likely to attract investor attention due to the high number of consumers likely to attend the food festival. This will help attract investors as well as increase turn over ad profits. The core project team is made up of the TAJ, University of Sussex ad Chinese supermarket (UKCN). Each stakeholder will make a different contribution towards the food festival with students playing the role of markets to maximize the number of customers and income generated from the project. This will also offer an important practical experience which will contribute towards their future understanding The project champion is Lorde, she has been selected due to her vast experience and knowledge related to business proposal analysis and planning(Lester, 2017). She has also achieved converting over 1 million sales of previous projects making her the best candidate to spearhead the Asia food festival at the University of Sussex. Risk Management The food and beverage industry has been identified as beg among the highest demanded businesses globally but at the same time, the proposed idea also attracts major risks which require being understood so as for mitigation plans to be developed. Some major risks involved with the proposed business idea involve spoilage and lack of adequate consumers leading to low turnover and losses due to the proposed food festival being held at the University of Sussex which is otherwise viewed as an educational situation. This makes it important to develop effective communication plans which will utilize different forms of media which thus helping maximize the number of people receive the updates related to the food festival being held at the university. This will increase the customers attending the festival thus helping the organizers and stake holders surplus the proposed project breakeven point and generate profits from the project(Kenett Raanan, 2011). Its also important for the organizers to develop an effective food preparation and plan which would cater to delivering -/+15% of the desired food quantity during the proposed festival thus helping reduce the losses the project may incur with regard to food wastage. This will require careful analysis ad integral team and stakeholder communication to ensure the raw materials are viable to cater to the customer expectation but are only utilized when required to reduce the amount of food wastage. Plan risk mitigation is also critical ad to achieve the best results the stakeholders will have to identify potential risk and utilize risk management ideas and tools to help reduce the types and severity of the risks. Understanding risks are the first and most important stage of risk management as it allows for the stakeholders to understand and as well as manage to impede risks which reduces the amount of risk the proposed businesses are likely to face. Successful project management required for a detailed report to be prepared on both the risks and benefits linked to a proposed projects thus allowing the stakeholders to put I place the desires countermeasures to eliminate or reduce the risks linked to the project. References: Kenett, R. S., Raanan, Y. (2011). Operational Risk Management: A Practical Approach to Intelligent Data Analysis. John Wiley Sons. Lester, A. (2017). Project Management, Planning and Control: Managing Engineering, Construction and Manufacturing Projects to PMI, APM and BSI Standards. Cambridge: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Environmental Policy Making in Developing Countries

Introduction The interdependent relationship between the government and businesses leads to changes in economy and market, demanding proper environmental and economical practices. Economic stability is largely linked to the governmental institutions, in connection with the society and public demands.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Environmental Policy Making in Developing Countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A business setting or functions of an organization involve an intricate cooperation between the government, society and the company, moving the economy in cities and pre-setting future governmental actions. Many aspects depend on how the market views the businesses with the linkage to the government and how it is being treated in the economic setting. One of the key aspects of any business is to be able to interest the government, public or society in the products or services that are being offered to people and organizations. The pollution through fuel use, technology and many other aspects of civilized life has brought about many changes that humanity was not ready for, including a lessening of resources used for energy, a shifting pattern of crop’s growth and emergence of diseases. The Earth’s population must get ready for a new era that will require a more efficient use of energy and a better conservation of people’s health. Brazil is the second fifth largest country in the world geographically and in terms of the population. In this view, Brazil epitomizes on the ongoing global tension pitying biodiversity preservation against sustainable agricultural practices and economic growth. Brazil is a key emerging economic power, which has a GDP of US$6040 billion and a GDP per capita of US$326.21 billion in 2004 (European Commission, 2007). The country’s environment is one of the richest in the world because of not only the flora and fauna, bu t also because of its ecosystems, which contain an excess of 15 % of the plant and animal species known to botanists (Saxena, 2005). The country is the source of water and also a water table of up to 12% of the available freshwater worldwide. Brazil is also undoubtedly one of the leading producers of food and Biofuel in Latin America and globally (Ferreira et al., 2012).Advertising Looking for critical writing on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To continue with this trend of a lead in food production and water, the country should try to institute measures, which aim at reducing the negative effects of poor farming methods, while improving farming practices. Therefore, this paper discusses how sustainable and productive agricultural practices can be used to promote economic development and conserve the environment and thus, prevent the occurrence of the vicious cycle. As is obvious from the present matter s, industrialization has brought about a significant change to the lives of nations, individuals and the public. Industrial globalization has led to all countries cooperating for mutual and own benefit, so new technologies have become a great part of any nation. Even though the advantages of technology greatly outweigh the disadvantages, there are now, many more ways to abuse the information that can be instrumental to the success of nations. The laws that are being made and governments must carefully monitor the innovations that come into existence, as there are many people who will take advantage of the developed nations. It is clear that as a result, governments and businesses are forming alliances, cooperating in the common fight against pollution and moving towards prosperity and future possibilities. The interdependent relationship between the environment, government and businesses leads to changes in economy and market. Economic stability is largely linked to the governmental institutions, in connection with the society and public demands. Brazil’s environment involves an intricate cooperation between the government, society and nature. Many aspects depend on how the society views nature with the linkage to the government and how it is being treated in the economic setting. One of the key aspects of any nation is to be able to interest the government, public or society in the products or services that are being offered to people and organizations. The place of access for a business has some basic and concrete general patterns and structure.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Environmental Policy Making in Developing Countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To make it easier for companies to locate and contact a connection to other institutions and businesses will be rather effective. The fact that there will always be people and organizations which provide a service or a product, communication becomes critical in the search for the right company. To market a product, cooperative relationships with people and nature would allow for an easier and quicker gain of finances. An equally problematic result of the warming climate is the variation in the heat waves, rains and general changes of weather conditions. The environment is becoming hard to predict and the fluctuations cause a difficulty in relying on the climate. Catastrophic events, such as floods and hurricanes lead to an even greater problem, as the land becomes polluted by the harmful substances and plants and animals become infected. The rising sea level is another consequence of the climate change. If there is an increase of one meter, it will cause devastation to many regions (Walter, 2008). Understanding the Vicious Cycle the Brazilian Problem as a country Ascher and Healy (1990) used this concept to demonstrate the complex interrelationships among four critical facets of socio-physi cal production, which are economic production, distribution of income, natural resources, and the environment. Concerning the explanation of the relationship between economic development and environmental conservation, it is clear that economic production is the level, source, and composition of goods, and services generated by the economy at any point in time among the four facets of production. The four facets of production include functional distribution, size distribution among recipients of different levels of income, distribution of in-kind income such as government services or gratifications from environmental quality, as well as regional income distribution. Available literature adds multiple citations to support this claim to demonstrate that such facets of production have adverse impacts on biodiversity and the conservation of ecosystems in the country are instrumental to positive outcome (Jain, 1998). Hence, policy makers should incorporate environmental conservation meas ures into agricultural development to enhance optimization of agricultural production.Advertising Looking for critical writing on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The fact that Brazil’s urban regions are increasing and contributing more to the economy, gives the government a clear message that the intricate network must be stimulated in all possible ways. It is also significant to consider the interchange between the social functions, culture and the politics that are dominant and change from one region to another. When looking at economics, there are few things to have in mind. Different cities and regions have unique and specific economies. The system of trade and relations between businesses are guided by the public, their beliefs and understanding of the government and the market. Some places have better economies with governments giving support and being one of the major clients. Global approach would guarantee a lot of choice and possibilities for the businesses and the government. Since the pressures for local responsiveness are low, this will guarantee stable income and product or service flow for the community. Whereas, the gl obal integration pressure is high, decisions can be made with slower pace and careful consideration of all options available. Because the relationship of â€Å"city-regions†, localities, urban areas, cities and provinces is so important, it would be crucial to adjust the policies and regulations to be somewhat universal, for an easier and more beneficial exchange. In spite of the issue of vicious cycle, Brazil is on the verge of achieving long-term economic development because effective exploitation of natural resources. According to European Commission (2007), â€Å"the dense tropical rainforest of the Amazon, the important biomes of the Savannah-like Cerrado, the arid scrublands of the Coating, the Pampas, and the wetlands of the Pantanal† are some of the natural resources endowed to Brazil (p. 11). Given that agricultural exports comprises of about 28% of total exports, the government has prioritized agriculture as an important economic activity. However, as demonst rated by these authors, â€Å"there are rising concerns about the threats that these changes represents to Brazil’s significant biological wealth globally, including widespread deforestation and clearance of native vegetation, and rapid increases in the use of fertilizers, pesticides and other agricultural chemical supplies† (Ferreira, et al., 2012, p. 536). On this basis, poor agricultural practices have the capacity to ignite and cause complex vicious cycle, which will ultimately cut across two, or more attributes of sociophysical production. In the Brazilian context, it is evident that attempts by the government and other stakeholders to enhance the country’s economic development through agricultural expansion have continued to generate multiple environmental externalities. The government is suggested to encourage farmers to employ environmental conservation practices such as reduction of biological diversity, prevention of soil erosion in rural farming areas , conservation of watershed and natural resources, and prevention of soil and habitat degradation. It should also be included in the process of implementing the environment conservation policies and good farming methods since they are the prime stakeholders in the field of agriculture (Clement, 2005). Therefore, the country must introduce conservation measures and ensure their implementation by the farmers as well as other players in the agricultural industry. Vladas (2008) argues that policy makers in Brazil realize that another vicious cycle between economic development and income distribution could occur in the near future, as long as farmers in the North East regions of the country continue to use harmful farming practices. The relationship between the government, how people view their rulers and conduction of business is evident from all angles. Both politicians and people are beginning to understand that the only way to continue into the future is through cooperation and mutua l respect and support. The economy depends on individuals, businesses they run, society and the government, so the law makers, corporations and society must make sure that there are always laws and regulations that preserve and protect nature and people. Brazil has a unique relationship between people’s culture, the governments and economy is crucial. Every culture is original in its set of customs and traditions. Something that is acceptable in one country will be seen as impolite in another. The intricate relationship with the environment and people sets demands of proper care and kindness. Laws that safeguard nature and pollution that business might cause are becoming stricter. Some of the laws include proper filtration systems, amount of resources that can be used, such as logging and water usage, as well as dumping sites and waste disposal. Even though there are laws and regulations that outline the functioning of businesses and corporations, pollution and over usage of resources are still commonplace. The laws are a just part of human society and regulation of businesses. It is up to the people running these companies to be responsible and prevent further damage to the planet and people’s health. Anything that businesses get involved in, is consistent of ethics and how matters are conducted. Most recently, corruption and bribery in relation to pollution and environment laws have been tightened. The government and proper authorities carefully monitor the amount of particles and harmful gases that are reaching the atmosphere. As it has become a global problem and many business are international, the governments of numerous nations are closely watching the regulations. Even though previously, the laws have been ineffective, the modern world has greatly changed. Many plants are now required to have proper filtration systems, and the technology is aiding in the matter. The improper procedure of waste disposal and filtrations are one of the great est pollutants, so companies are forced to choose alternatives and evolutionism. Dumping of poison materials and spills into water are strictly monitored, so the laws are becoming extremely effective in this aspect of business regulation (Carneiro Danton, 2011). There are several recommendations that deserve proper attention and development. There are talks about the saving of environment and making a particular focus on the energy use industry, its modes and the effects that it has on the surrounding nature and people. The air pollution is already a problem in many countries and Brazil has joined â€Å"the cycle†. Even though it has developed many strategies to help reduce toxic air emissions, and one of them is to promote and establish clean burning technologies and implement them, new plants, industrial areas and residential localities to support the infrastructure must emerge. Nations heavily rely on fossil fuels in almost every aspect of life, from residential, to publi c and industrial. As oil and gas are becoming more used as means to get energy, the technology changes also. The aims of the nation are to investigate the levels of CO2 emissions, and what technology can be used to prevent pollution. The research must focus on comparing the amount of pollution annually, and link consumption to electricity generation. When comparing the several outputs, it is clearly evident there are new installments in filtration system and dump sites are proving effective. The accumulation of the waste materials and pollution to the environment will constantly grow, reaching levels that will be hard to control, unless something is done immediately. The results have shown a steady deterioration of quality in both types of energy use, but coal usage has shown to be much more detrimental to people and environment. This goes to show that industry must adjust to environment. The problem areas are observed in the uncertainties in the control and amount of CO2 emissions, which greatly decreases the efficiency, as well as power output. The development of industrialized areas is continuing at an increasing rate, and so the process must be highly controlled. The conclusions that are drawn aim for reducing total fossil fuel usage, and a greater focus is on the, electricity, oil and gas. There should also be a form of combining the technology with the use of proper burning aggregates, as well as filters and other equipment. Conclusion For the Brazil to achieve economic development, it has to embrace the policies of environmental conservation and implement them effectively. The environment is becoming extremely polluted through the burning of naturally occurring fuels and chemical waste disposal. The air pollution is already a problem in many countries and Brazil is not an exception. A nation has developed many strategies to help reduce toxic air emissions and one of them is to promote and establish clean fuel burning technologies and implement them. Sin ce agriculture is the backbone of the country’s economy, it is essential to improve productivity in a sustainable manner to support the livelihoods of farmers in Brazil. It is noteworthy that the success of these environmental conservation measures is highly dependent on the extent to which stakeholders encourage good farming practices. Owing to laxity in the implementation of conservation policies results in the continuation of harmful and destructive practices of farming that are detrimental to the sustainability of the environment, and thus resulting in vicious cycle. Not only there are activities outside the government’s laws for businesses, but there are regulations that are made to ease the functioning of business and aid the mutual relationship between governments and corporations in a financial way. Even though there are numerous government organizations that enforce laws and take steps to prevent repetition of pollution crimes, the rate of these occurrences is still great, being detrimental to the society and the world. References Ascher.W., Healy, R.G. (1990). Natural resource policymaking in developing countries: Environment, economic growth, and income distribution. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. Carneiro, J., Danton, T. (2011). Agriculture and biodiversity in the Brazilian social Sciences: A possible state of the art scenario innovation. The European Journal of Social Science, 24(3), 225-246. Clement, A. (2005). The economics of a safe minimum standard of conservation. The  American Journal of Agriculture, 60(24), 10-18. European Commission (2007). Country strategy paper 2007-2013. Retrieved from http://eeas.europa.eu/archives/docs/brazil/csp/07_13_en.pdf Ferreira, J., Pardini, R., Metzger, J.P., Fonseca, C.R., Pompeu, P.S., Sparovek, G., Louzada, J. (2012). Towards environmentally sustainable agriculture in Brazil: Challenges and opportunities for applied ecological research. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2(1), 1- 23. Jain, C. (1998). Agricultural Intensification by Smallholders in the Western Brazilian Amazon. Journal of Regional Science, 15(2), 55-60. Saxena, D. (2005). Agricultural development in Utah. The Geographer, 32(1), 20-28. Vladas, G. (2008). Conservation of Environment. Journal of Environmental Physiology  23(1), 21-32 Walter, C. (2008). Overview of India’s Agricultural Economy. Asia Pacific Development  Journal, 10(2), 15-20. This critical writing on Environmental Policy Making in Developing Countries was written and submitted by user Dayton Ortiz to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Ritual

When ritual is spoken of in Western society, images of cute, charming and sometimes dangerous activities of ‘native’ societies tend to be conjured up into the mind. Television seems to be full of ceremonies which, at best, tend to be thought of as quaint, at worst, acted out for the tourist industry. Religious belief is on the decline in Western society and this also contributes to the general outlook on rituals and rites. Western industrial society has idolised ideals, rationality and a limited type of practicality and all too often regards the conscious ritual of other cultures as a frivolous curiosity (LaChapelle, 1984:1-6). We have forgotten much in the last 300 hundred years that we should remember the fact that Western society not only had, but still has, rituals and rites of passage. In this essay I will point out that whether we accept it or not, ritual is an essential part of the life course, even though the act of performing and perceiving ritual may be unconscious. Ritual can often be viewed as habit or regularities (Cohen & Taylor, 1998:46-65). The daily process of getting out of bed, washing, brushing teeth and going to work or school is an unconscious ritual that millions of humankind goes through. These microsocial rituals, or regularities, may well appear never ending and spread their way throughout life’s course. Members of any given society may well try to break away from these rituals, but more often than not the ‘escape’ is only temporary. To ‘get away from it all’ may well lead to other types of unconscious ritual. Victor Turner (1974:298) has argued that the dialectical relationship of ritual and social structure facilitates creative responses to the negative aspects of daily social structure, and that these responses include alienation, divisiveness and exploitation. Ritual can undermine social structure in that humankind can find instructions in it as to fundamental organising principles an... Free Essays on Ritual Free Essays on Ritual When ritual is spoken of in Western society, images of cute, charming and sometimes dangerous activities of ‘native’ societies tend to be conjured up into the mind. Television seems to be full of ceremonies which, at best, tend to be thought of as quaint, at worst, acted out for the tourist industry. Religious belief is on the decline in Western society and this also contributes to the general outlook on rituals and rites. Western industrial society has idolised ideals, rationality and a limited type of practicality and all too often regards the conscious ritual of other cultures as a frivolous curiosity (LaChapelle, 1984:1-6). We have forgotten much in the last 300 hundred years that we should remember the fact that Western society not only had, but still has, rituals and rites of passage. In this essay I will point out that whether we accept it or not, ritual is an essential part of the life course, even though the act of performing and perceiving ritual may be unconscious. Ritual can often be viewed as habit or regularities (Cohen & Taylor, 1998:46-65). The daily process of getting out of bed, washing, brushing teeth and going to work or school is an unconscious ritual that millions of humankind goes through. These microsocial rituals, or regularities, may well appear never ending and spread their way throughout life’s course. Members of any given society may well try to break away from these rituals, but more often than not the ‘escape’ is only temporary. To ‘get away from it all’ may well lead to other types of unconscious ritual. Victor Turner (1974:298) has argued that the dialectical relationship of ritual and social structure facilitates creative responses to the negative aspects of daily social structure, and that these responses include alienation, divisiveness and exploitation. Ritual can undermine social structure in that humankind can find instructions in it as to fundamental organising principles an...

Should Children Be Allowed on Facebook Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Should Children Be Allowed on Facebook - Essay Example The content of the article, which is a rather apprehensive note from a parent’s blog, is able to attract much debate. Two perspectives have been presented; one that children under the age of 13 should not be legally allowed to join Facebook and the other one is that children who do join Facebook under the legal age can be monitored through proper parental surveillance. But the question that arises is that to what extent can the parents monitor a child’s Facebook account? (Dellantonia, 2011). Research shows that children are most likely and the first ones to use technology for morally wrong reasons. And thus, when these young children are exposed to such unlimited freedom, results can be debilitating (Junghyun, 2011). On one hand, it is true that Facebook currently has millions of children lying about their ages on profiles (Dellantonia, 2011) and there is no real way to detect it but if Facebook complies with the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act, it can still have 13-year-olds join Facebook as that is a profitable opportunity for Facebook, but in that case it will have to invest in developing a system which will require parents’ informed consent before the child joins in and that is not profitable for Facebook (Kashmir, 2011). Even when children do not initiate illegal activity, they are often subjects to the illicit behavioral practices of those with deviant purposes and notorious plans. The young children and young adults continue to be victims of many heinous crimes led through the internet including drug trafficking, bullying, stalking, and pornography (Fodeman, 2009). In Waukesha County, Wisconsin, for example, a boy was convicted of having at least 300 nude photos of boys aged 13 to 19. He posed as a girl on Facebook and used the photos were used to blackmail some of those boys to engage in performing sexual acts with him (Marsico, 2010).  

Triathlon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Triathlon - Essay Example Many of the enduring triathletes prefer to be resilient to pain and tend to carry their impacted and sometimes senseless (without knowledge) injuries throughout each race till to the finish line. Medical cover is to be arranged at the finish of an Ironman event taking place at Lanzarote in early October. In order to achieve adequate medical support and care, health issues that are common to triathletes must be outlined. Ironman at Lanzarote is considered to be one of the most arduous, all-terrain event for any fittest and able-bodied triathlete. The Ironman event is expected to include three major sub-events consisting of 3.8km swim, 180km bike race, and 42.2km run to the finish line. Any appropriate medical cover can only be provided by priori understanding of different types of illnesses or injuries based on previous therapeutic experiences and gathering of medical information from past records seen in other Ironman races. Most triathletes naturally undergo rigorous cross physical training and are less likely to develop any kind of muscle imbalances. An issue with many young, amateur and firt-time triathletes is that they usually underestimate their fitness level and skill such that they may be good in one event but that does not automatically translate into adaptation for another. All bodily injuries can be classified as either internal or external fatalities. The latter injuries may be knee injuries, wrist fractures, sore toes and blisters, cold shoulder and other injuries from improperly adjusted bicycles [16]. Only a small amount of competitors experience this sought of external injuries. One of the more common medical problems is the triathlete sustains a bad sunburn a few days before the actual race. A serious and unattended sunburn (such as a second degree burn with blisters) can have a damaging effect on how the body is able to adjust the coherent body temperature and sweat loss during exercise. This naturally decrease the ability to control body temperature and sweating can have a negative impact on the triathlete's race outcome. Most injuries that befall triathletes are overuse injuries such as tendonitis or muscle strains, as opposed to acute ones (like when fall of a bike and bruise something). While overuse injuries are fairly common among triathletes, they are relatively easy to prevent and treat, if they are careful. The most effective way to prevent overuse injuries is to prevent and reverse the muscle imbalances that contribute to most of them and allowing the body to have sufficient time to properly recover from any stress developed during training. Through the nature of the postures and repetitive motions involved, triathletes tend to develop particular imbalances that are associated with particular injuries. To correct imbalances, they need to stretch muscles that tend to become shortened through training and strengthen muscles that tend to become weakened. Triathletes should frequently stretch their calves, hamstrings, hip flexors, lower back, neck, and chest, and should regularly performing func tional exercises that strengthen the hips, butt, abdomen, upper back, and shoulders [3, 7, 16, 20]. Tendons and muscles need to have adequate time to recover fully from increases in training to especially prevent chronic injuries. Poor technique is also associated with a majority of

Choose Topic relevant to Human Services Research Paper

Choose Topic relevant to Human Services - Research Paper Example e implementation of the deliberations and assessing whether the proposed ideas and services are likely to be effective once they have been implemented. The main concerns that seemingly plagued the society were the inability to conduct early and timely/ helpful identification of symptoms, lack of knowledge on the activities that can help alleviate the onset of the disease in the sunset years of life, and care of the affected persons. The community felt ill equipped and prepared to handle the disease to the best of their abilities as they have been often left frustrated and fatigued in the process. It was clear that there was need to educate the society on the disease, how to avoid it, detect it early enough for swift interventions and how to care for the patients (whether at home or have the sick institutionalized). In addition, it was deemed important to introduce a scheme where families coping with the illness receive financial contributions from other households so that they can sufficiently manage the condition in terms of health care for the loved one and additional counseling sessions and therapy for the remainder of the famil y. Also, since the only known medical institution that is known to specialize on the condition was a distant away, it was observed as a necessity to have a local institution built that aids the community and its members in matters pertaining to the Alzheimer’s syndrome. The first part of tackling the problem is to involve the entire community in providing support to the families that have a patient living amongst them. This was to be in the form of moral support and visits where members are encouraged to be there for the affected families in times of their need such as in the evenings and also through financial support so that the families still had enough capital to look after the patient while still attending school and so on. Seeing members of the community more often can also aid the patient’s recovery and enhance memory and

The British Foreign Policy

The British Foreign Policy This essay aims to establish the role the Prime Minister plays in setting, shaping and implementing foreign policy in the UK by exploring decision-making patterns by former Prime Ministers in the related field, as well as current governments choices and aspirations on the international arena, and the contribution of Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) and other bodies. As Paul Williams (2004: 911) noted that foreign policy is not made in a political vacuum it is paramount to take into consideration Britain`s national interest in international relations and the countrys position in the existing paradigm of world politics. First, it will define what foreign policy is and why it takes a special place in policy making. Foreign policy will be analysed against following factors: globalisation, public opinion and national interest. Also, it will summarize the key models of the Foreign Policy Analysis (Allison 1971) and question their effectiveness and drawbacks. Second, the essay will refer to case studies on the subject to bring empirical data into analysis. The case studies include the Europeanization of the foreign policy in the UK, the US-UK intervention in Iraq in terms of the ethical foreign policy. They will help to access the role played by foreign policy makers. Given the length of this essay it will not comment in detail on the influence of NGOs, British ambassadors abroad and the economy; however, they are undeniable parts of foreign policy-making process. Finally, the essay will discuss a possible course of action for the UK to take in order to achieve a successful foreign policy and bring back the power to British decision-makers. What could be done to overcome common thinking of foreign policy being about getting our way in an unhelpful world (Cradock 1997: 99-100). What foreign policy is? Definition, context, goals In the modern world it is impossible to imagine a country without a well-defined set of rules of behaviour towards its geopolitical neighbours and economic partners. The question remains, however, as to what extent foreign policy represents interests of leaders, political parties and general public of a particular country. Collective coping with the international environment is, indeed, a useful shorthand definition of foreign policy according to Christopher Hill (2003: 9) but this definition leaves infinite variants of interpretation of what collective is and who plays the leading role in doing so the Prime Minister, the Foreign Secretary, a collaboration of both, official agents interpreting and implementing policies or influence of powerful countries that Britain has close relationship with? In order to understand who conducts the British foreign policy it is essential to outline the policy goals first. William Hague, the current Foreign Secretary, in his speech on the 1st of July, 2010 promises to deliver a distinctive British foreign policy that extends our global reach and influence, that is agile and energetic in a networked world, that uses diplomacy to secure our prosperity, that builds up significantly strengthened bilateral relations for Britain, that harnesses the appeal of our culture and heritage to promote our values, and that sets out to make the most of the abundant opportunities of the 21st century systematically and for the long-term. So for the first time in years in my view Britain will have a foreign policy that is clear, focused and effective. His statement highlights the fact that UK foreign policy is not pursuing one goal; on the contrary, it seeks to accomplish multiple aims: to extend Britain global influence, to secure prosperity, to promote values through culture, etc. Successfully achieving them means achieving each part separately which involves resources and actors in different areas. As a result some policies might overlap and even contradict one another (Williams 2004: 913) and it is worthwhile looking at specific parts of the policy rather than a whole. Foreign policy has been characterised by being overly secretive and elitist which makes it more complicated to trace the decision-making process. Foreign policy takes a special place in the whole policy-making field as it is closely linked with politics. It should not come as a surprise since it deals with sensitive issues like intelligence services and diplomacy, which seldom become available to general public, for obvious reasons: the information might fall into the wrong hands and undermine the objectives set by the policy. Nevertheless, it is possible to comprehend in which direction foreign policy is headed based on the past decisions made by politicians and the impact they made at the time. This direction a state chooses to follow depends greatly on the personality of a leader, current administration and economic situation a state finds itself in. Foreign policy is conducted in complex internal and international environments; it results from coalitions of active actors and grou ps situated both inside and outside state boundaries; it involves bargaining and compromise affecting the interests of both domestic and international groups (Neak cited in Carlsnaes 2008). Foreign Policy Analysis To analyse foreign policy scientifically Graham Allison (1971) in his work Essence of Decision comes up with three models of decision-making related to foreign affairs (known as Foreign Policy Analysis) trying to explain the reasons and causes behind states decisions in a crisis. The first model, Rational Actor Model (RAM), assumes that a single actor (state) makes decisions upon a calculation of possible outcomes, thus decisions are rational reactions to a particular situation. It can be said that state chooses a course of action in line with its national interest trying to avoid losses and maximize benefits. The second model, Organizational Process Behaviour (OPB), is characterised by decision made by multiple organisations that look back at previous precedent and act accordingly. Thus it tries to bring down the importance of central control in decisions. The final model, Bureaucratic Politics, is summarized by Allisons own words where you sit determines where you stand, meaning t hat governmental organizations normally have a preferred way of dealing with an international crisis. These models were used by the scholar to apply different lenses to explain the origins of the Cuban Missile Crisis and establish how and why the USA and the USSR came to the choices they made during the conflict. Allison admits that these three models are not capable of encompassing all possible variants, his study became a milestone in FPA as it attempted to present social science capable of achieving clear and objective explanations of social and political actions. Stein (2008) develops the idea of rational-decision making further: in order for a policy maker to make a rational choice, he/she needs to value how reliable the information is, and whether it comes from a trustworthy source. Moreover, any new information that might turn up has to be evaluated against diagnostic evidence that takes into consideration the consequences the policy maker is considering. Who is in charge? On paper it is the Foreign Secretary who conducts foreign policy in the UK although it hasnt always been the case. The Prime Minister retains the power to declare war and deploy military troops, making the fragile equilibrium of power shift. Tony Blair has shown that depending on who is leading the country, the style of policy-making changes dramatically. During New Labour the most important decisions on foreign policy were not taken at the FCO but in the Cabinet. His leadership earned the name interventiolalist as Britain took part in several military operations: Barras in Sierra Leone, Desert Fox in Iraq amongst others. It is the Prime Ministers decision whether to send troops into combat or not and Blair chose to consult not the cabinet as a whole but rather small ad hoc committees of advisers. Anthony Sheldon (2004: 692) named these groups denocracy as their meetings took place in Blairs office, the den. Such exclusiveness promotes confusion as a small circle of trusted ministers and advisors gives an impression that the policy as a whole is reactive rather than proactive. It is worthwhile mentioning that the UK is a parliamentary monarchy and the Queen is the official ruler in the UK. Although her power is mostly of a ceremonial nature, nevertheless, she plays an important role in representing the country at various levels: the UK, the Commonwealth and internationally. In her speech to the Parliament on the 9th of May 2012 the Queen set the following agenda: to strengthen oversight of the security and intelligence agencies, to seek approval of Parliament on the anticipated accession of Croatia to the EU, to support a secure and stable Afghanistan, to reduce the threat of nuclear proliferation in Iran and to build strategic partnerships with the emerging powers. These goals show that the Queen is far from being above politics, on the contrary, she is greatly concerned with Britains position in the fast developing world and foreign policy is one of her concerns. Factors influencing the British foreign policy: American influence The UK boasts to have a special relationship with the USA in terms of foreign policy. British foreign policy has privileged the idea of working closely with the United States, particularly in the area of international security, where the UK has provided the largest and most effective non-US contingent to three American-led conflicts in recent years twice in Iraq and once in Afghanistan (Wallace and Phillips, 2009: 267). The two countries have been allies for a long period of time and acted accordingly. Britain considers its international relations with the USA to be as important as its ties with Europe, if not more. However, in the light of Britain losing its imperial power long ago and the hegemonic rise of the US, arguably, Britain plays along with the American directives. This was the case in all interventions where the USA took part in the last 60 years except the conflict in the Falklands. It appears that Britain is torn among its own interests, the EU integration and Anglo-American ties (Atlanticism). Blair decided to strengthen the countrys position by addressing these three issues at once. The USA will benefit from a special relationship with the UK when making decisions in Europe and vice versa. This special relationship (Wallace and Philips 2009: 267-274) includes defence cooperation, military nuclear cooperation, provision of bases to the United States and intelligence relationship. But does Britain get out as much as the USA in this relationship? The answer to this question remains unclear: On issues as varied as the Kyoto Treaty, the Ottawa Treaty banning landmines, the war in Kosovo, the attack on Afghanistan, the Middle East peace process, the Iraq war and subsequent occupation, or the holding of British captives at Guantà ¡namo Bay, there has been little evidence of the UKs ability to shape US policy. Indeed, British governments, in clinging to the idea of the special relationship, have generally overlooked the fact that the US has several privileged relationships, notably with Mexico, Israel, Australia, Italy and Poland. (Wallace 2009: 65) While Brits assume that Americans hold certain sentiment towards shared past and noble goals, the USA might be pursuing its own national interest instead. Riddell (2003) argues that America is not disposed to sacrifice national interest on the altar of nostalgia or sentiment and shows scant regard for those who do. It shows that no matter who the USA considers to be its allies, it is going to pursue its own national interest and foreign policy. Tony Blair was not the first Prime Minister who chose to play a bigger role in foreign-policy making. Margaret Thatcher in her role as the Prime Minister had her own very specific view on how to conduct foreign policy. Her initiative to take part in the military conflict in the Falklands wasnt supported by the USA at first which didnt stop her. She had very distinctive views about Anglo-European relationship as well and the FCO was often excluded from the decision-making process. She blamed the FCO for being pro-European and considered creating a separate body to counteract the FCOs dominance in foreign policy-making. The UK and the EU: the FCO adapting to Europeanization While Anglo-American relations occupy an important place in Britains foreign policy there is another undeniable partner that has become more and more relevant in the recent years the European Union. British policy-makers have traditionally accorded a higher priority to transatlantic security relations than to relations with their European partners. This is despite having enjoyed arguably more success in shaping the actions of the EU than in influencing key decisions in Washington. In recent years, and on crucial issues such as defence, energy and environmental policy, Tony Blair played a crucial role in shaping the EU agenda. (Wall cited in Menon, 2010) After Britain joined the EU (EEC) in 1973 it became apparent that the country needs to integrate into the EU and to do so it had to adapt and reform its foreign policy. The FCO anticipated the changes both with suspicion and high hopes for a stronger Europe. Inevitably the line between domestic and foreign has become thinner and thinner as the EU touched upon an array of issues. Since the creation of the EU has influenced its member states so greatly it is argued that they became Europeanized. Bulmer and Burch (1998: 602) define Europeanization as the extent to which EC/EU requirements and policies have affected the determination of member states policy agendas and goals. Arguably the FCO lost part of its power to the EU in terms of policy-making towards Europe. The FCO wanted to retain its power as a sole determinant of Britains national interest. David Allen (2008: 3) points out that the FCOs position within British central government has been both enhanced and challenged by European integration. At the same time David Milliband (2009) emphasizes how important albeit difficult the integration is we can lead a strong European foreign policy or lost in hubris, nostalgia or xenophobia watch our influence in the world wane. Structurally, a Permanent Under-Secretary (PUS) remains as the top role of the FCO. PUS coordinates the FCOs work overseas and its administration. Another key role is held by Political Director, who makes sure that Britains interests are represented at European Political Cooperation (EPS), which is now effectively the top policy advisory post. Allen (2008) explains how these posts work as a tandem: The specific position of Political Director can be explained in terms of Europeanization in that the FCO willingly adapted its management structure so as to effectively participate in the EPC. This adaptation has led to spillover whereby the Political Director now plays a larger role than perhaps originally intended. However, the different roles played by the PUS and Political Director are the result of both EU membership and other factors, especially the need for improved management within the FCO. Britain remains being euro-sceptic towards further integration in the EU, it repeatedly criticises the current weakness of the economy in Europe and is not satisfied with being a member of the three major states (along with Germany and France) that have to help out weaker countries sometimes at their own expense. However, in the era of globalisation further integration is inevitable and the UK is more Europeanized than it thinks is. At a general level British foreign policy has undoubtedly been affected by a process of Europeanization, although the extent to which this has impacted upon actual policy will vary from issue to issue. In particular, British policy has been Europeanized at an ideological level, in regard to foreign policy-making, and in relation to the agenda and content of policy. However, the process of Europeanization has not entirely subsumed a distinctly British foreign policy. In this sense, successive British governments have been quite successful at using the European level of foreign policy to achieve its own objectives and simultaneously prevent unnecessary levels of integration. (Williams, 2002) Paradoxically, the EU shouldnt have foreign policy in the first place as it is not a sovereign state. Because of Maastricht Treaty 1993 the EU member states are committed to a common European and Security policy (CFSP) which enables them to pursue their own national interests but at the same time to coordinate them on the European level. This can be achieved with the help of the European Community, the CFSP and Justice and Home Affairs (JHA) which are responsible for different policy issues such as external economic relations, political and security question, international crime and terrorism respectively. Sometimes events on a global scale are capable to change foreign policy almost overnight. The 9/11 terrorist attacks in New York transformed British, European and American foreign policy and only after three days, on the 14th of September, the EU passed a declaration on European arrest warrants and measures to combat terrorism. This brings another foreign-policy dilemma the ethical dimension. As Tone Blair declared to bring human rights at the very heart of foreign-policy it remains unclear which ethics British foreign policy should pursue. The war on terror had best intentions in its core; nevertheless, Britain has to draw a line on its use of power to do so. Blair followed the doctrine of liberal interventionism, promoting liberal beliefs and sometimes imposing it on the countries with contrasting views: Afghanistan, East Timor, Iraq, Kosovo, Sierra Leone and the Democratic Republic of Congo. If democracy and the rule of law are imposed in a non-negotiable way it becomes unethical as a result. Cases such as Iraq invasion in 2003 bring to attention this delicate matter in foreign policy. There was no direct threat to either US or UK sovereignty, the public polls disapproved of the intervention, yet both countries favoured the invasion. The workings of the EU institutional system mean that the coalition government may also struggle to exert the influence it desires. Britain already suffers from its exclusion from and lack of clear engagement with a key consultative forum the Eurogroup (comprising those member states that have adopted the euro). This structural weakness is only heightened by the absence of the Conservative Party from the European Peoples Party, whose members include the German Chancellor, the French President and the President of the European Commission. David Cameron will not be able to attend their pre-summit meetings, at which they coordinate negotiating positions. In other ways too, Conservative suspicions of European integration may limit the ability of the UK to achieve all that it could within the framework of the Union. What is more, to be reliable and effective foreign policy must attract domestic legitimacy, which means involving the public in the same kind of continuous dialogue as takes place over tax or transport policy. If we can accept the centrality of foreign policy in our political life without seeing it as a way of merely exporting our own superiority, we shall stand a better chance of, first, coping collectively with outsiders; second, making a contribution to a more stable and civilized international system; and third, avoiding the kind of catastrophic mistakes which cost hundreds of millions of individuals their lives in the last century, the century of progress. Public opinion and media shaping foreign policy Public opinion is another important lens of foreign-policy making. As we live in a world where communication has become instantaneous powered by digital media both politicians and policy-makers try to use it to their advantage. According to Robinson (2008) there exist two models capable of analyzing the impact of public opinion and media on a policy. The pluralist model suggests that the media and publics are independent of political influence and, as such, can act as a powerful constraint upon governments. The elite model, on the contrary, assumes that media act merely as mouthpieces for government officials, operating to mobilize publics in support of respective policies. The case of the polls on the Iraq War in the UK showed that although the majority disagreed with Tony Blairs decision to engage in the conflict, they did not stop the Prime Minister from changing his course of action. The consequences of this decision resulted in Blair not being re-elected, as the media coverage r evealed more details about the rising number of casualties in the war. Bias of the media should also be put under scrutiny the newspapers in the UK (as well as the rest of the world) often cater to different political parties promoting a certain agenda and delivering a policy chosen by that party to the public. Thus, it is extremely difficult to account for the influence of the media due to the fact that public opinion might not be partial having been shaped by the media. Foreign policy is always the product of a society, a polity, interpreting its situation and choosing who chooses is another matter to act or react in a particular, unpredetermined way. Conclusion In conclusion there is not a definite answer to who conducts the British foreign policy. Different Prime Ministers showed a ranging level of involvement into foreign policy-making process. Factors such as Europeanization, the US-UK alliance, public opinion and economic crisis make it more difficult to understand to what extent one person or several people (the Prime Minister and the Foreign Secretary along with advisors) can follow through with the propositions set at the beginning of a governments term. The process of foreign-policy making involves civil servants, ministers and officials of all spectrums as well as independent advisors, experts from the UK and worldwide. While most significant decisions are made by the Prime Minister, he makes his choice based on the data and evidence he has been given. Finally, it is not enough to simply formulate foreign policy, the major stages of the policy-making process fall onto the shoulders of civil servants who interprete, implement and pr esent the policy. Moreover, there are multiple foreign policies in the UK which demand different approaches. If the UK wants to remain its international power that has been in decline after the fall of the Empire and maintain the foreign policy that is coherent at all stages of the policy-making process, it needs to find balance between pursuing its national interest, skilfully presenting and implementing the policy at the domestic and the international levels and managing the members involved in the process. Britain faces not a menu of alternative routes to far-reaching international influence, but a choice between imperfect options (Cradock 1997). UK needs to go through the three-step process identified by Christopher Layne (cited in Menon, 2010) determining the countrys vital interests, identifying threats to these and deciding how best to deploy national resources in order to protect them.

The Canterbury Tales :: Essays Papers

The Canterbury Tales Historical Background The Canterbury Tales were written in 1386 by Geoffrey Chaucer. In "The General Prologue," Chaucer introduces the Monk as a rebellious person who does what he wants and does not follow the rules of the monastery. However, in the Middle Ages, monks could not behave this way. They had to follow the rules of the monastery which were written by St. Benedict. They took vows as proof that they would follow these rules. In the Middle Ages, monks had to follow rules and be divided. The rules for the monasteries were written in 520 by St. Benedict. He was the leader of a monastery and wanted to write a set of rules "that were not so strict that monks would abandon their vocations"(Americana, p. 542). They were simple and allowed monks to exercise their minds and live stress-free lives. The rules said that monks had to pray, perform manual labor, and study. The studying was beneficial to the monks since they were able to become well educated. The knowledge gained from studying led many monks to write books. As part of their manual labor, they hand copied books because xerox machines were not invented yet. According to the Encyclopedia Americana, in the Middle Ages, monks in monasteries were divided into choir monks and lay brothers. This was a way of dividing the work because choir monks had to recite the prayer, the Divine Office, which was a requirement in the rules. The lay brothers did the manual labor. Hand copying books probably took a long time and they had a lot of other work to do, like studying and praying. Monks in the Middle Ages had to follow the rules and be divided. It was advantageous to be a monk because all they did was devote their lives to studying and praying. Since they led stress free lives, they were able to concentrate on their studies. The division of monks into lay brothers and choir monks seemed like an adjustment to the rule because the work was divided whereas before, all the monks had to recite prayers and do manual labor.

Dalcroze

Jaques-Dalcroze Emile Jaques-Dalcroze (July 6, 1865 – July 1, 1950), was a Swiss composer, musician and music educator who developed eurhythmics, a method of learning and experiencing music through movement. BASIC PRINCIPLES Inherent in his method are these basic principles &endash; truths he believed to be omnipresent. These six principles are: †¢The beginning of music happens when human emotions are translated into musical motion; †¢We experience emotions physically; Through our sensations of various muscular contractions and releases in our bodies, we sense emotion; †¢The body expresses internal emotions by externalizing affect through movements, postures, gestures, and sounds. Some of these are automatic, some spontaneous, and others the results of thought and will; †¢Internal emotions are translated into music through motions such as breathing, singing or playing an instrument; †¢The first instrument that must be trained in music is the human body . THE JAQUES-DALCROZE METHOD Choksy (1986) defines Eurhythmics as follows: â€Å"Eurhythmics . . is . . . based on the premise that rhythm is the primary element of music, and that the source for all rhythm may be found in the natural rhythms of the body. † Eurhythmics integrates three approaches: †¢ Solfege (the study of theory, harmony, and scales); http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=9qK6seVVBQ0 †¢ Improvisation (the development of a unified internal ear and body); †¢ Rhythmics (the exploration of inner and outer effects of rhythm in relation to the above two elements). Further, Jaques-Dalcroze developed a formula for the production of Eurhythmia:Space + Time + Energy + Weight + Balance + Plasticity = Eurhythmia? Gravity The best music happens when all of the above are balanced. The Jaques-Dalcroze method seemingly redefines the basic elements of music to fit within scientific definitions. It is a well established fact that all things are made up of matter. Ma tter is comprised of energy. Matter flows through space; energy flows through space. Matter (energy) flowing through space is called motion. Motion appears in music as beats. Those beats release their energy in various ways.The beat therefore is dependent upon the level of energy applied and the density of the space applied. Beats have a specified duration, or time value. The quality of the time is dependent upon how the beat is struck, sustained and released. Jaques-Dalcroze found that his students associated dynamic (energy) changed with tempo (time) changes, i. e. , softer meant slower also. This however is not the case. One goal of the method is to gain independence of time and energy as related to change so that students could indeed play a musical selection softer without getting slower.Beats have weight. Science defines weight as a body's attraction to the earth (which is related to gravity). When one watches a good conductor in front of an ensemble, one can sense weight in h is every stroke and pattern. Weight can also be perceived in a line of music. A solo line would have less weight than that of an eight part chorus. Likewise, the addition of low-sounding instruments in an orchestration gives a greater sense of weight. Note duration can also de indicative of weight (in appearance). Balance can be achieved only when weight is kept in control.Balance is a vital element of rhythm. (Caldwell,1995) The ultimate goal of the Jaques-Dalcroze method is to achieve a balance between all the elements that comprise the beat; space, energy, plasticity, and weight. It is impossible to separate the elements, therefore the method focuses on individual elements of the beat. Jaques-Dalcroze defines plasticity as the quality of the movement between the pitches. This is what makes the performance alive and vibrant and is largely responsible what the audience sees and hears.I think of plasticity as that gesture, expression or image that the performer conveys along with th e other elements of the beat. As mentioned earlier the ultimate goal of the Jaques-Dalcroze method is improvisation: the creation of original sound. According to Jaques-Dalcroze method, improvisation incorporates the following: †¢ Use of all faculties †¢ Exploration of movement with our bodies; †¢ Imagination and creativity; †¢ Consciousness of space and time around us; †¢ Flexibility and agility; †¢ Motor coordination; †¢ Expression through use of the body and sound; Careful and critical listening; †¢ Concentration and attentiveness; and †¢ Flexibility. The study of the Jaques-Dalcroze method requires the utmost in attention, concentration, memory, and ability to reproduce. It is a disciplined study. The role of the educator thus becomes one who focuses the energy inherent in students and transfers that energy into the production of eurhythmia. THE CLASSROOM SETTING In my experiences it is evident that it would be difficult to train anyo ne effectively in the Jaques-Dalcroze method unless it was begun at an early age.Dalcroze himself recommended â€Å"to bring children to art at an age when they have not yet been intellectualized into analyzing before observing, and expressing before experiencing. † (Dalcroze,1922) In short, the method would have to be taught during the age of innocence. The theory would also have to be constantly reinforced throughout life, even in college. The method has obvious merit in the elementary school, because it involves movement. Children learn best when moving, feeling, touching, sensing, and seeing things close at hand. The Jaques-Dalcroze method achieves just that. http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=n5DdjXZkPfg

Biography of Edward Low, English Pirate

Biography of Edward Low, English Pirate Edward Ned Low (1690–1724) was an English criminal, sailor, and pirate. He took up piracy sometime around 1722 and was very successful, plundering dozens if not hundreds of ships over the course of his criminal career. Low was known for his cruelty to his prisoners and was greatly feared on both sides of the Atlantic. Fast Facts: Edward Low Known For: Low was an English pirate known for his viciousness and brutality.Also Known As: Edward Lowe, Edward LoeBorn: 1690 in Westminster, London, EnglandDied: 1724 (place of death unknown) Early Life Low was born in Westminster, London, probably sometime around 1690. As a youth, he was a thief and a gambler. He was a strong young man and would often beat up other boys for their money. Later, as a gambler, he would cheat brazenly: if anyone called him on it, he would fight them and usually win. When he was a teenager, he went to sea and worked for a few years in a rigging house (where he made and repaired ships ropes and rigging) in Boston. Piracy Tiring of life on land, Low signed on board a small vessel that was headed to the Bay of Honduras to cut logwood. Such missions were risky, as the Spanish coastal patrol would attack them if they were sighted. One day, after a long days work cutting logwood, the captain ordered Low and the other men to make one more trip, so as to fill the ship faster and get out of there. Low became enraged and fired a musket at the captain. He missed but killed another sailor. Low was marooned and the captain took the opportunity to rid himself of a dozen or so other malcontents as well. The marooned men soon captured a small boat and turned pirate. The new pirates went to Grand Cayman Island, where they met a pirate force under the command of George Lowther on board the ship Happy Delivery. Lowther was in need of men and offered to let Low and his men join. They did happily, and Low was made lieutenant. Within a couple of weeks, the Happy Delivery had taken a big prize: the 200-ton ship Greyhound, which they burned. They took several other ships in the Bay of Honduras over the next few weeks, and Low was promoted to captain of a captured sloop, which was outfitted with 18 cannons. It was a quick rise for Low, who had been a junior officer on board the logwood ship only weeks before. Not long after, as the pirates refitted their ships on an isolated beach, they were attacked by a large group of angry natives. The men had been resting on the shore, and although they were able to escape, they lost much of their loot and the Happy Delivery was burned. Setting out in the remaining ships, they resumed piracy once more with great success, capturing many merchant and trading vessels. In May 1722, Low and Lowther decided to part ways. Low was then in charge of a Brigantine with two cannons and four swivel guns, and there were some 44 men serving under him. Over the next two years, Low became one of the most successful and feared pirates in the world. He and his men captured and robbed dozens of vessels over a wide area, ranging from the western coast of Africa to the southeastern United States. His flag, which was well-known and feared, consisted of a red skeleton on a black field. Tactics Low was a clever pirate who would use brute force only when necessary. His ships collected a variety of flags and he would often approach targets while flying the flag of Spain, England, or whatever other nation they thought their prey might be from. Once close, they would run up the Jolly Roger and begin firing, which was usually enough to demoralize the other ship into surrendering. Low preferred to use a small fleet of two to four pirate ships to better outmaneuver his victims. He could also use the threat of force. On more than one occasion, he sent messengers to coastal towns threatening an attack if they were not given food, water, or whatever else he wanted. In some cases, he held hostages. More often than not, the threat of force worked and Low was able to get his provisions without firing a shot. Nevertheless, Low developed a reputation for cruelty and ruthlessness. On one occasion, as he prepared to burn a ship he had recently captured and no longer needed, he ordered the ships cook tied to the mast to perish in the fire. The reason was that the man was a greasy fellow who would sizzle- this proved amusing to Low and his men. On another occasion, they caught a galley with some Portuguese aboard. Two friars were hung from the Fore-Yard and jerked up and down until they died, and another Portuguese passenger- who had made the mistake of looking sorrowful at the fate of his friends- was cut to pieces by one of Lows men. Death In June 1723, Low was sailing in his flagship Fancy and was accompanied by the Ranger, under the command of Charles Harris, a loyal lieutenant. After successfully seizing and plundering several ships off of the Carolinas, they ran into the 20-gun Greyhound, a Royal Navy ship on the lookout for pirates. The Greyhound pinned down the Ranger and shot down its mast, effectively crippling it. Low decided to run, leaving Harris and the other pirates to their fate. All of the hands on board the Ranger were captured and brought to trial in Newport, Rhode Island. Twenty-five men (including Harris) were found guilty and hung, two more were found not guilty and sent to prison, and eight more were found not guilty on the grounds that they had been forced into piracy. Historians are not quite sure what happened to Low. According to the National Maritime Museum in London, the pirate was never captured and spent the rest of his life in Brazil. Another history suggests that his crew tired of his cruelty (he supposedly shot a sleeping man he had fought with, causing the crew to despise him as a coward). Set adrift in a small ship, he was found by the French and brought to Martinique for trial and hanged. This seems the most likely account, although there is little in the way of documentation to prove it. In any event, by 1725 Low was no longer active in piracy. Legacy Edward Low  was the real deal: a ruthless, cruel, clever pirate who terrorized transatlantic shipping for about two years during the so-called Golden Age of Piracy. He brought commerce to a halt and had naval vessels searching the Caribbean for him. He became, in a sense, the poster boy for the need to control piracy. Before Low, many pirates were either cruel or successful, but Low was a sadist with a well-armed and organized fleet. He was hugely successful in pirate terms, plundering well over 100 ships in his career. Only  Black Bart Roberts  was more successful in the same area and time. Low was also a good teacher- his lieutenant Francis Spriggs had a successful pirate career after absconding with one of Lows ships in 1723. Sources Defoe, Daniel, and Manuel Schonhorn. A General History of the Pyrates. Dover Publications, 1999.Konstam, Angus. World Atlas of Pirates: Treasures And Treachery On The Seven Seas- In Maps, Tall Tales, And Pictures. The Lyons Press, October 1, 2009.Woodard, Colin. The Republic of Pirates: Being the True and Surprising Story of the Caribbean Pirates and the Man Who Brought Them Down. First edition, Mariner Books, June 30, 2008.

Censorship Essays - Cryptographic Software, Cryptography

Censorship Essays - Cryptographic Software, Cryptography Censorship During the last decade, our society has become based on the sole ability to move large amounts of information across great distances quickly. Computerization has influenced everyone's life in numerous ways. The natural evolution of computer technology and this need for ultra-fast communications has caused a global network of interconnected computers to develop. This global network allows a person to send E-mail across the world in mere fractions of a second, and allows a common person to access wealths of information worldwide. This newfound global network, originally called Arconet, was developed and funded solely by and for the U.S. government. It was to be used in the event of a nuclear attack in order to keep communications lines open across the country by rerouting information through different servers across the country. Does this mean that the government owns the Internet, or is it no longer a tool limited by the powers that govern. Generalities such as t! hese have sparked great debates within our nation's government. This paper will attempt to focus on two high profile ethical aspects concerning the Internet and its usage. These subjects are Internet privacy and Internet censorship. At the moment, the Internet is epitome of our first amendment, free speech. It is a place where a person can speak their mind without being reprimanded for what they say or how they choose to say it. But also contained on the Internet, are a huge collection of obscene graphics, Anarchists' cookbooks, and countless other things that offend many people. There are over 30 million Internet surfers in the U.S. alone, and much is to be said about what offends whom and how. As with many new technologies, today's laws don't apply well when it comes to the Internet. Is the Internet like a bookstore, where servers can not be expected to review every title? Is it like a phone company who must ignore what it carries because of privacy; or is it like a broadcast medium, where the government monitors what is broadcast? The problem we are facing today is that the Internet can be all or none of the above depending on how it is used. Internet censorship, what does it mean? Is it possible to censor amounts of information that are all alone unimaginable? The Internet was originally designed to "find a way around" in case of broken communications lines, and it seems that explicit material keeps finding its "way around" too. I am opposed to such content on the Internet and therefore am a firm believer in Internet censorship. However, the question at hand is just how much censorship the government impose. Because the internet has become the largest source of information in the world, legislative safeguards are indeed imminent. Explicit material is not readily available over the mail or telephone and distribution of obscene material is illegal. Therefore, there is no reason this stuff should go unimpeded across the Internet. Sure, there are some blocking devices, but they are no substitute for well-reasoned law. To counter this, the United States has set regulations to determine what is categori! zed as obscenity and what is not. By laws set previously by the government, obscene material should not be accessible through the Internet. The problem society is now facing is that cyberspace is like a neighborhood without a police department. "Outlaws" are now able to use powerful cryptography to send and receive uncrackable communications across the Internet. Devices set up to filter certain communications cannot filter that which cannot be read, which leads to my other topic of interest: data encryption. By nature, the Internet is an insecure method of transferring data. A single E-mail packet may pass through hundreds of computers between its source and destination. At each computer, there is a chance that the data will be archived and someone may intercept the data, private or not. Credit card numbers are a frequent target of hackers. Encryption is a means of encoding data so that only someone with the proper "key" can decode it. So far, recent attempts by the government to control data encryption have failed. They are concerned that encryption will block their monitoring capabilities, but there is nothing wrong with

Review Poster Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Review Poster - Essay Example 1) Headline plus Logo: The poster starts with a headline followed by a picture of Chinese flag and then Logo on right. It was aimed to give readers at-a-glance understanding of theme or what the poster is all about. Giving logo was aimed to highlight the brand whilst forcing brand-conscious people to read through. The idea was put in place referring to other posters. 2) Introduction: Under introduction, I have tried to highlight Toyota’s distinct manufacturing philosophy and state-of-the-art technology that it has recently introduced in China. Secondly, comparing Toyota with GM, I have tried to shed light on Toyota’s progression pace all over the world. Toyota’s latest brands especially the hybrid car gives enough evidence of unmatched technology that Toyota possesses. The content was organized based on the philosophy that describes three main things that could get a human brain to click ON – i.e. Significance, Involvement and Intrigue, origination and its successful business journey – i.e. where they were, where they are & where they want to be. Information has been organized in a way that gives firm’s step-by-step development periods. 4) Toyota’s success factors in China: Having in mind the human psyche of first concentrating on visuals, colors, graphics, etc., success factors have been placed in centre with multi-color arrow signs, showing beautiful car images with a caption underneath and putting key highlights in red boxes. Failure factors show Toyota’s weakness in parts’ automation. 5) Toyota’s strategy in China: This part is intended to underline the strategies adopted by Toyota in China. The information, which was organized in chronological order, basically reveals Toyota’s success story in China. I understand development of my skills had started far before beginning of creation of the poster. Creating a poster was not only an art but was carrying multiple objectives along. The core of this activity was to gauge a

Reaction paper 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reaction paper 3 - Assignment Example Thus, showing how Lardo acquires new meaning as a result of the campaign as an exotic consumption item for the local and middle-class consumers (Alison 455). Therefore, the article explains the meaning of the movement in different areas. The entire article emphasizes on the impacts of the Slow Food Movement. In Italy, the movement succeeded in developing cultural space for a new consumer politics kind of performance. The article explains further that the Slow Food resists the easy categorization in any familiar political narratives terms. Though, it is evident that the promotion has penetrated to the politics process heart in societies of liberal democracy. Hence, the article explains the theory behind the food politics. Alison shows how the movement of Slow Food manifestos encourages the cultural diversity idea. The article explains that the movement urges consumers to purchase niche-marketed foods. Though, with the kind of promotional politics, there can be no guarantees of ideological outcomes. It is evident in the article that, the cultural marketing authenticity politics may have been unexpected results for the direct producers. The entire article explains the formation and impact of the European Union. The article explains the contribution of the union and community in making the world a better place in terms of economic fields, peacekeeping and climate changes. Thus, the main objective of the article is to define the European Union and determine its impact on the European nations in terms of development in economy. The article points out some of the factors that promoted economic development by the new community or union. It emphasizes that the political and economic unification of the involved nations paved way for the integrated economy. In addition the common market concept got extended in the mutual trade of the union; thus promoting the economic