Immigration, Social Problem

Immigration, A Social problem People believe that immigration is generally a problem to the economy. Resorbing a negative abstract and a source of taking up valuable resources. The government has kept a social problem amongst the economic impact of the immigrants around us. Illegal immigrants, also known as aliens, are still being observed and noticed as racial profiling and being noticed as a minority groups still occur. One of which is the country closest to us, Mexico, whom is believed to start controversy to the US citizens as they are believed to create alliance to the Mexican drug war.Even thought there are still immigrants in this county, there are believes that the number of immigrants coming from Mexico to the United States has sharply declined. America is a country based and built by the immigrants. We are all immigrants in this country but it is true that some immigrants hurt the country but in many ways it was the immigrants that improved United States in the first place. Some immigrants are small business owners whom try to survive and live up to the American Dream.Even if some immigrants build the country there are always people who impact the social structure. Now day’s immigration has become a political factor and not observed as a human being struggling to better him or her selves from the life they used to live, these are citizens not criminals. Much of the perception about immigrants triggered by competition at the job market, and pressure on housing market are due to high numbers of in coming immigrants but not necessarily the immigrant’s government so keenly want to control.The reason why there has been valid and real concern about immigration is because of the unfettered immigration allowed by labor and the obvious failure of their policy's in the inner cities. The aspect of letting fewer immigrants in will be more manageable and easier to integrate, instead of mass immigration creating disenfranchised environment and the imm igrant populations cannot possibly make the most from being in the US at this time of low job resources.Over the year it seems that the number of the immigrants coming to the United States from Mexico has been sharply declined which could be do to the lack of jobs, higher risks of border crossing, low resources more risks and so on. Many factors are probably behind the trend but mostly its being believed that the number one thing is the lack of job in United States. It really shows how bad it has become here when people are leaving and others do not want to immigrate. Also believed that people aren’t immigrating because they can't even afford the gas, food, utilities, rent, mortgages, one in every seven Americans are on welfare.They come here for work, but people here are losing jobs everyday. In the end the solution to immigration has already occurred, which is the lack of jobs. The immigrants only want to provide better future for there children and I really don’t be lieve that we should stop them from coming over. I immigrated to this country for a better future from a country that was in a war for ten years and living in United States has given me a better percentage of survival then if I lived in any other country.

Medical Tourism Marketing Strategy in Thailand Essay

Abstract Thailand has emerged as a leading medical tourism destination in recent years. The increase in the number of international patients shows that Thailand has great potential for medical tourism and the improvement of its marketing strategies will further increase the image of Thailand as a medical tourism destination. In order to face off the challenges of growing competition form India, Singapore, Malaysia and other destinations, Thailand needs among other things to improve its marketing as a favourite medical tourism destination in the region. Therefore, this exploratory research was set to evaluate the current marketing strategies of healthcare providers and intermediaries through interviews with stakeholders and observation, and to propose effective marketing strategies for preserving and enhancing Thailand’s position as a leading medical tourism destination. This qualitative research employed semi-structured interviews to examine the current marketing strategies of Thailand’s healthcare service providers. Interviews took place with healthcare service providers (public hospitals, private hospitals, and clinics), medical travel agents and related parties, at several popular tourism destinations of Thailand: Bangkok, Phuket, and Pattaya. Respondents were selected through purposive sampling. In addition, observation of stakeholders’ websites and online marketing of service providers of competitors (Singapore, India, and Malaysia) took place. The paper identifies the strengths of Thailand’s healthcare service providers and points at a number of problems that may reduce the growth opportunity of this industry. These include lack of practical government policies with regard to medical tourism and of other supporting regulations, lack of organization as a cooperation centre aimed at promoting the medical tourism industry as a whole, remaining low awareness of the opportunities presented by the industry among potential foreign patients, and shortage of doctors and qualified medical staff. Measures for improvement are suggested. Keywords: medical travel, medical tourism, Thailand, marketing strategies 1. Introduction Medical tourism is a new form of a niche tourism market which has been rapidly growing in the recent years. The term â€Å"Medical tourism† describes tourists who travel to oversea countries to obtain healthcare services and facilities such as medical, dental and surgical care whilst having the opportunity to combine it with visiting the tourist attractions of that country. The main groups of Medical tourists come from the industrialized countries of the world especially Europe, the UK, Middle East, Japan, U.S. and Canada where the cost of medical treatment is very expensive and there are often long waiting times for treatments [1]. Other than Thailand, countries that are currently promoting medical tourism are Bolivia, Brazil, Belgium, Cuba, Costa Rica, Hungary, India, Israel, Jordan, Lithuania, Malaysia, Poland, Singapore and South Korea. The main reasons for the growing popularity in medical tourism are: 1.) The long waiting lists in the developed countries, 2.) The low cos t of medical treatments in developing countries, 3.) The affordable international air fares and favorable exchange rates, 4.) The Internet; with the development of communications, new companies have emerged who acts as middlemen between international patients and hospital networks, giving patients easy access to information, prices and option, 5.) The state-of-art technology that has been adopted by the new healthcare services [2]. Thailand has emerged in recent years as one of the leaders in the industry. Data collected from 30 private hospitals by Department of Export Promotion of Ministry of Commerce shows the increasing number of international patients who came to obtain the medical treatments in private hospitals in Thailand. In 1997 only 120,000 patients came for medical treatment; since then, the number has drastically increased to 975,532 in 2003 and 1,356,000 in 2006 (see Figure 1). Source: Data collected from 30 private hospitals by Department of Export Promotion, Ministry of Commerce (cited in http://mrd-hss.moph.go.th/ac/download.asp) Thailand has a number of competitive advantages: it is already a well-known tourist destination; it is one of the first countries which entered the medical tourism market; it is known for its unique culture of service – the renown Thai hospitality; and also provides high quality services by qualified staff at a reasonable price. Under the guidance and regulation of the Ministry of Public Health, some Thai hospitals have been recognized and approved for the standards set by the Hospital Accreditation of both Thailand and International (Joint Commission International or JCI), and also other international standards such as ISO and Hazards and Critical Control Points Principle (HACCP). Thailand’s main Asian competitors in the industry of medical tourism are India, Singapore, Malaysia and Hong Kong [3]. India, with its lower cost of health services, has recently emerged as an important competitor to Thailand. It had approximately 150,000 patients in 2004 and the Indian government predicted that this industry could grow by 13% per year in the near future [4]. Despite this, India still lacks the quality of standards and infrastructure, and suffers from a negative image due to the low hygiene and sanitation perception of travelers. Singapore has high living standards, a strong government support for the medical tourism industry, excellent English speaking communication and high quality medical services. Their services are offered at somewhat higher prices than in Thailand but are still much cheaper than in developed countries. In 2006, 410,000 patients traveled to Singapore specifically for healthcare and the country hopes to attract 1 million medical travelers annually by 2012 (www.singaporemedicine.com). Malaysia also offers low prices for healthcare services, and as a predominantly Muslim country has a competitive advantage in attracting patients from the Middle East [5]. According to the Association of Private Hospitals Malaysia [6], the number of international patients seeking medical services in Malaysia has grown from 75,210 patients in 2001 to 296,687 patients in 2006 and generated 59 million USD in revenue. In order to face off the challenges of growing competition, Thailand needs among other things to improve its marketing of healthcare services. Therefore, this research was set with the objectives to study and observe the current marketing strategies of service providers in medical tourism in Thailand (public hospitals, private hospitals, clinics, and medical travel agents) and related parties such as the Ministry of Public Health, the Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) and to analyze and evaluate the marketing strategies of Thailand and its main competitors in the region (Singapore, India, and Malaysia) in order to come up with a proposal of effective marketing strategies to develop and promote medical tourism in the country. This is the first such study carried out in Thailand, and is expected to enhance knowledge as well as to contribute to the development effective planning in the future and to enhancing the co-operation between stakeholders. current marketing strategies of Thailand’s medical tourism service providers. Interviews took place with healthcare service providers (public hospitals, private hospitals, and clinics), medical travel agents and related parties, at several popular tourism destinations of Thailand: Bangkok, Phuket, and Pattaya. Respondents were selected through purposive sampling, based on information from secondary data and the researchers’ experience in the area, as well as observation of healthcare providers’ websites. Criteria for inclusion in the interview list included: membership in Thailand Private Hospital Association, high number of international patients who received medical treatments, active marketing on the Internet, and non-medical care serviced provided to the patients. The interview topics included questions related to current and future target markets and marketing strategies, channel distribution, positioning, main competitors, threats to medical tourism in Thailand, industry collaboration, involvement of new stakeholders, medical travel packaging, and other relevant topics. In addition, observation of stakeholders’ websites and online marketing of service providers of competitors (Singapore, India, and Malaysia) was used to accomplish the objectives of the study. 3. Results and Discussions The findings from the interviews with the healthcare service providers and observation of stakeholders’ websites about the current marketing strategies used by Thailand’s healthcare service providers are described based on the 7 Ps of marketing mix: Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process, and Physical Evidence [7], [8]. Product: Thailand’s healthcare service providers offer a wide range of tertiary and elective medical treatments such as Cardiology, Orthopedic, Cosmetic and 2. Methodology This qualitative research employed semi-structured interviews to examine the Plastic surgery, Dental care, Eye treatment, and etc. to attract the international patients. Well-trained medical staff with international board certification (US, UK, Australia, Germany, Japan) are considered as a valuable asset of the companies and used as an important tool to promote healthcare services. The patients of Bumrungrad Hospital and Bangkok Hospital Medical Center (the major player of Thailand’s medical tourism business) can select their required doctors through their websites by name, gender, photo, medical qualification, their specialty, language spoken, and even the working day. Moreover, the cutting-edge technology and equipment available made by each service provider was also used as one of the major products in this industry. Quality of treatment in a less-developed and developing countries is the major concern raised by the medical travelers from industrialized countries. Most of respondents commented that Thailand is still considered as developing country among Westerners, especially those who have never been in the country before, so the availability of high quality medical care services is not easily recognized – unlike Singapore, with its positive image of high living standards country. However, the results of previous research [2] about satisfaction with health service in Thailand indicated that most of the patients who have been treated were very satisfied with facility of hospitals, medical staffs’ professionalism, and quality of medical treatments and willing to recommend to their friends/relatives which spread word of mouth information to more potential patients Another marketing strategy used by service providers is to create more value through services. Superior value-added services have been created to differentiate themselves from their increasing competitors, increasing its efficiency, creating convenience for the patients, and developing and strengthening the customer relationships. These non-medical care services are services such as, on-line service for medical arrangement, travel arrangement, interpreter services in many languages (Arabic, Burmese, Bengali, Bhutanese, English, French, Japanese, Korean, German, Spanish, Mandarin, Vietnamese, and etc), luxury service apartments for patients’ relatives adjacent to the hospital, hotel selection and reservation, sightseeing tour services, medical transportation both on land and air, one-to-one nursing care service, and etc. Major healthcare service providers in Thailand have started expanding their business to other countries by investing in and/or operating hospitals or medical center overseas. These hospitals function as a diagnostic center for screening cases and also for follow-ups in medical treatments. Bumrungrad Hospital invested in the newest private medical center in Manila, Philippines and is investing about US$ 10 million into a new hospital in Dubai, as well as having plans to manage other two new regional hospitals in Yangon, Myanmar and Dhaka, Bangladesh to expand its operations in other potential countries. Moreover, Bangkok Dusit Medical Services Group (a listed holding company operates 17 hospitals in Bangkok, Pattaya, Phuket, and Koh Samui which also includes Samitivaj Hospital, Bangkok Hospital Center, and BNH Hospital) already operates the Royal Angkor International Hospital in Siem Reap, Cambodia and also has future plans of setting up diagnostic centers in Abu Dhabi, and the United Arab Emirates which will be a joint venture hospital network to the UAE and the Middle-East. It also plans to open a boutique hospital in Phnom Penh, Cambodia which will offer health check-up programs, investigating diseases and primary treatments as well as making referrals of patients to Bangkok Hospital Medical Center in Bangkok for further secondary treatments if needed in the near future. Price: Thailand’s healthcare service providers have a competitive advantage among their competitor due to its high standard of medical treatments and services offered to the patients at a very competitive price. Singapore offer medical treatments at a higher price than Thailand because of its positioning as a high-end complex quality acute care [9]. India offers lower price than Thailand but still has the negative image of poor hygiene and sanitation. India complicated medical procedures are being done only at one tenth of the cost in industrialized countries but in terms of infrastructure facilities such as roads, sanitation, power backups, accommodations, and public utility s ervices much more is needed for the country to become a medical tourism destination [4]. Malaysia offers prices lower than Thailand, partly due to the favorable exchange rate but its focus is mainly on the Muslim patients from Indonesia, Brunei and the Middle East. Place: Internet is the main means for disseminating information related to medical and non-medical care services offered by each of healthcare service providers (both hospitals, and clinics). It is the most effective and inexpensive way to reach the product to its target customers directly, and at the same time helping patients acquire correct and valuable information allowing them to make an informed decision. Informative online marketing of each service provider creates awareness of the medical treatments available and reassures potential patients. Interactive communication, treatments description, description of services and facilities, quality assurance other concierge services were also presented on the websites to attract the patient who are on medical traveling program. At the moment Thailand does not have a central organization to publicize valuable information on the health care services to the medical travelers. Singapore established the outstanding websitewww.singaporemedicine.com as the center of the country’s healthcare services. It aims at promoting Singapore as a world class medical tourism destination, and has proved very successful in this respect. All the healthcare service providers mentioned that there is the increasing use of agents in the target countries to be representative for them. These agents provide information and recommend the patients regarding their treatments to the hospitals. They work as a center cooperating between patients and hospitals for screening cases, sending all the necessary me dical reports of the patients to the hospitals. And at the same time agents have the responsibility of advertising and doing marketing in those countries for healthcare service providers, spreading word of mouth advertising of service assurance and reliability. Some respondents expressed concerns about the services of the medical travel agents, with regard to low accuracy in the medical correspondence and overpromising to the patients which both lead to overall patient’s subsequent dissatisfaction and create negative image of the medical service provider. Promotion: Most healthcare service providers particularly hospitals participate in travel marts, travel fairs, trade fair, exhibitions, seminars, conferences, and advertise in travel magazines in countries with the supporting from the government. With the cooperation from the Ministry of Public Health, Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Department of Export Promotion (DEP) organized these activities for promoting healthcare services to in ternational markets. In addition, other informative materials such as brochures, booklets, video-cds, paper bags and t-shirt with logos were also used to create awareness of the available healthcare services as well. Moreover, some healthcare service providers build up cooperation with the local institutes, universities, medical schools in other countries to establish collaboration in education, exchange of knowledge and training as well as to promote their alternative healthcare services. Advertising about medical and nonmedical services in both local and international media are used by healthcare service providers. The advertisement has to be based on Thai laws and regulations about how to advertise healthcare services. Media such as magazines, newspaper (both in Thai and English), television etc. are used to target local people and expatriates who work in Thailand. For the international market, most of respondents stated that they let medical travel agents do the marketing in each target country whic h is based on their professional background and knowledge about those people’s behavior. Articles, video, news related to their high quality and standard of medical treatments and services, health issues, latest medical technology equipment, quality assurance/awards/accreditation available on their own websites and also to the international media. These help to create awareness of the available alternative medical treatments as well as to build up a positive image of the high quality and international standard of medical care in Thailand. People: Another strategy that healthcare service providers use to attract the international patients for their treatments in Thailand is to emphasize its well-trained medical specialists, over with degrees from well-known overseas institutes. It was acknowledged by all the health care service providers that having specialized and qualified doctors and staffs proved a competitive advantage for the hospitals. This has been observed for example on the websites of Bumrungrad hospital and Bangkok hospital, where the qualifications of doctors and hospitality of nurses and the medical staff were intensively promoted to attract and capture the potential patients. However, shortage of doctors and trained medical staff was the major concern currently commented by the respondents. Moreover, language communication skills – sometimes of doctors, but more often of nurses, receptionists, and other relevant staffs – and misunderstanding of the patients’ culture were still considered as problem and challenges for the medical tourism business for both hospitals and clinics. Process: Patients who seek medical treatments abroad are mostly concerned with the quality of treatments and have to make sure the hospital they select is licensed and preferably accredited by a recognized international organization that audits medical quality. Therefore, acquiring the international accreditation with Joint Commission International (JCI) which recognizes that the standard of the hospital meets or exceeds the standard of medical facilities in the US was used as one of the marketing strategy tools by healthcare service providers. Currently, in Thailand Bumrungrad Hospital, Samitivej Hospital, and Bangkok Hospital Medical Center attained this JCI accreditation, compared to 11 hospitals in Singapore (accounting for one-third of all JCIaccredited facilities in Asia), and 8 hospitals in India [9]. There are other hospital assurance schemes and awards which are also important to guarantee the quality of medical care services, such as Thailand Hospital Accreditation Program (HA) conducted by the Institute of Hospital Quality Improvement & Accreditation, and ISO. Moreover, the result from observation indicated that the websites of the major hospitals display not only JCI accreditation but also other awards and Thai government’s accreditation treatments such as ISO, HACCP, HA (Thailand Hospital Accreditation Program), and so on to reassure the standard and their high quality of medical treatments. Physical Evidence: Because the healthcare system has developed relatively recently in Thailand, it has been observed that the major healthcare service providers have developed significantly in both infrastructures and facilities. Most hospitals have a good ambience in their buildings with spacious, luxury rooms and excellent amenities same as that of a five star hotel for patients and relatives, and also come equipped with cutting-edge technology. This is a competitive advantage of Thailand in order to gain the confidence and build up the trust of international patients, making a decision to choose Thailand as their preferred choice. References [1] Connell, J. (2006). Medical tourism: Sea, Sun, Sand and †¦ Surgery. Tourism Management , 27 (6), 1093-1100. [2] Suthin, K., Assenov, I., and Tirasatayapitak, A. (2007). Medical Tourism: Can supply keep up with the demand. Proceedings, APac-CHRIE & Asia Pacific Tourism Association Joint Conference 2007, May 23-27 May, 2007, Beijing, China. [3] Bangkok Bank. (2005). Health Products and Health Services: Another Industry in which Thailand is Competitive. Retrieved August 25, 2007, from http://www.bangkokbank.com/download/Hea lth_Products_and_Health_Services.pdf. [4] Kaur, J., Sundar. G H., Vaidya D., and Bhargava S. (2007). Health Tourism in India Growth and Opportunities. Proceedings, International Marketing Conference on Marketing & Society, 415-422. Retrieved September 2, 2007, from http://dspace.iimk.ac.in/bitstream/2259/345/1 /415-422.pdf [5] Tirasatayapitak, A., Suthin, K., and Assenov, I. (2007). Medical Tourism in Thailand: Meeting Better the Needs of Japanese Tourists a nd Patients. Thailand: Prince of Songkla University. [6] Advertising and Publicity Division, Tourism Malaysia. (2007). Media Info Health Tourism in Malaysia, Retrieved April 4, 2008, from http://www.tourism.gov.my/tourismbiz/medi acentre/articles/travelideas/PR%20Health%2 0Tourism%206%20Nov%2007.pdf [7] Kotler, P., Armstrong, G. (2008). Principles of Marketing. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. [8] Chartered Institute of Marketing. (2005). Marketing and the 7Ps A brief summary of 4. Conclusion The medical tourism industry in Thailand is still growing and expanding in spite of the high competition. Both online and offline promotion tools were used to create awareness of the availability of high quality medical care and non-medical care services, reassure patients about the standards and quality of medical treatments, and offer alternative healthcare services for selection by potential target customers. This research had recommended marketing strategies for further promoting medical tourism in Thailand. These include building and promoting the image of Thailand as â€Å"High quality medical tourism destination†, creating and promoting new combination of medical tourism products, promoting as health and wellness destination, exporting healthcare business to other countries, keeping up the high standard of quality treatments at a reasonable price, providing informative online and offline materials and make them available to the potential customers, emphasize on patients ’ testimonials (word of mouth), attaining the accreditation/standard to reassure the quality of treatments as well as emphasizing on the needs and demands of the existing target markets and also the potential target markets. This research also identified some issues related to the development and expanding of medical tourism in Thailand which may slow down the growth of this business. The researcher hopes that these issues will be given immediate attention and addressed responsibly and appropriately by the government, healthcare services providers and the other related stakeholders in the nearest future. marketing and how it works. Retrieved March 1, 2008 from www.cim.co.uk/MediaStore/FactFiles/Factifi le7ps.pdf [9] Boston Consulting Group. (2008). Overview of Medical Tourism – Give back deck. BCG.

Article is Strengthening Frontline Nurse Investment in Organizational

Is Strengthening Frontline Nurse Investment in Organizational Goals - Article Example (2012) discusses the changing nature of healthcare in the country, and how the incentives are linked with the better performance and cost control. In order to remain profitable and be entitled to receive better reimbursement funding, healthcare organizations need to focus at setting specific goals and achieve them in order to deliver to and sustain exceptional service quality for the patients. The authors, therefore, argue that this has transformed into the setting up of specific goals for the frontline staff and how accountability as well as other factors can contribute towards the development of more engaged nursing staff to achieve overall organizational goals. The paper discusses how a personal level of accountability can actually further the role of nurses and make them important stakeholders in achieving the overall objectives for the firm. Critique of the Paper The title of the paper suggests that it is about the advice regarding strengthening the role of a front line nursing investment in organizational goals. However, it discusses the role of engagement as well as accountability of the nurses in the changing scenario. The overall theme of the article is based upon the changes taking place at the macro level and how organizations need to respond to that changing situation. ... The overall direction and purpose of the paper seems to be rooted into the assumption that a greater level of accountability can actually lead to a better organizational performance. Authors argue that it is quite important actually to define frontline accountability and then monitor the progress in order to ascertain how the frontline staff is performing. Authors further suggest that raising the personal stakes of the frontline nurses and helping them to take more accountability can lead to a better overall outcome for the organizations. This changing role of nurses has been viewed from the perspective of the macro level changes taking place at the governmental as well as the industrial wide level. Authors have dwelled on the changing role of nurses and how important they are for achieving financial goals for the organizations from the perspective of these changes (Marshall, 2011). While discussing the literature about the accountability, authors seem to distract from the actual pur pose and theme of the article. The literature review outlines the role of accountability in nursing and how individual as well as organization level accountability fits into the overall role of nurses. Though the issue of accountability may be relevant to some extent, however, it may not be completely relevant to the overall theme of the article. Authors fail to integrate the facts about how organizations set goals and how such goals are transformed into actionable steps which front line nursing staff has to take. Though personal accountability plays a greater role in the career of nurses because they not only have to follow their own individual

Why did the Renaissance occur Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Why did the Renaissance occur - Essay Example About this era, historians hold two different opinions like it was either extension of Middle Ages or dawn of a new era. The Renaissance age is known for new thinking and creativity. Between 1350 and 1550, the classical period of Europe was revived to a large extent. The cultural activities that occurred during Renaissance were mostly motivated by the Greco-Roman civilization. The Italian Renaissance was not just limited to the accomplishment of Italians artists and intellectuals but rather was reflection of the upper classes that comprised only small proportion of the European population. However, the impact was equally strong on the common people especially in the cities where the cultural movement was most prominent (Spielvogel, 340-341). Birth of Renaissance As already mentioned, Renaissance is essentially a literary movement of the upper classes. Writers from that era especially Petrarch, had held an indomitable passion for ancient Rome including classical architecture, art and especially the Latin language. He attempted to emulate ancient Rome’s literary men like Cicero who was highly fluent in the language. His passion for the classical era was so engrossing that he even tried to dismiss the span of hundred years between the Ancient age and Renaissance era. According to Petrarch, that era that he belonged was more an awakening of new age than Renaissance which means rebirth. In order to study ancient Rome, Petrarch introduced curriculum termed as studia humanitates which included humanism as philosophy. Humanism is not just a philosophical or religious concept, but basically â€Å"an attitude toward learning and toward life† (Wiesner et al., 248). This new approach slowly spread from Italy to other parts of Europe like France, Germany and Spain, and this was the birth of the Renaissance era. Renaissance was not a singular event like the French revolution and occurred over a period of two centuries in various parts of Europe (Wiesner et al., 248-249). The impact of Renaissance is not only restricted to literature and art, but also equally on language with humanist schools adopting Classical languages like Latin, Greek and Hebrew in their curricula. In northern Europe, humanists focused on bringing back the faith and morality in the values of the Church which got lost mainly after the Black Death tragedy. For many historians, Renaissance era was continuation of the Middle Ages like family remained the most important social recognition of an individual. Moreover, in spite of people becoming more materialistic, religion remained an important aspect of lives of both elite class and the common people. For instance, although artists began to get their true recognition worthy of their skills, they were still expected to pay taxes like other common people of the community (Wiesner et al., 269-270). Slavery which was a common practice in the Early Middle Ages but ceased in the eleventh century was revived during the Renaissance era more because of lack of workers after Black Death. The import of foreign slaves was legalized in the Italian city Florence (Spielvogel, 345). Renaissance happened as a result of reverence for the classical era mainly ancient Rome, and in the fifteenth century the humanists began to focus on Greek philosophy, art, architecture and literature. Renaissance culture was essentially a result of product of emulation of the classical philosophy and literature (Wiesner et al., 249). The birth of Renaissance era also happened from a shift of social perspective. In the medieval age, family was considered the smallest unit of society, and it was the group efforts and accomplishments that emerged as popular rather than individual successes. Even objects of art were attributed to group

Mormon Church of the Latter Day Saints Research Paper

Mormon Church of the Latter Day Saints - Research Paper Example The wise, prudent and intellectual individuals, by dint of their spiritual thoughtfulness and strong religious belief, rose to the occasion to warn and forbid the people from making alterations in the real teachings of the founders of the religion, so that the true spirit of faith could be rejuvenated out of the misconceptions and amendments inaccurately taken place with the passage of time; the Latter Day Saints Movement was also launched with the same motifs and objectives in view. Launched by Joseph Smith Jr. (1805-1844) out of some powerful, unabated and unremitting spiritual inspirations, the movement was determined to give up and eradicate every unnecessary addition from the religious norms and beliefs, which had no roots in the faith introduced by Jesus Christ and the saints belonging to the earliest Christian centuries. It is, therefore, the movement is frequently argued to be the fundamentalist movement of restoration for the real teachings of Christ, and its spiritual leade rs are called the latter day saints in order to distinguish them from the early era saints of Christianity. Smith Jr. â€Å"was restoring the only true church which had been lost for centuries due to the corruptions into which all supposedly Christian groups, whether Catholic or Protestant or Orthodox, had fallen.† (Moorhead & Heuser, 1985:1) Hence, like Martin Luther’s reform movement, Mormonism was also interested to mitigate the corruption and exploitation of church being conducted at the hands of religious dogmatism. Mormonism refused to accept the false notion that the historical events, described in the Bible, were just parables; on the contrary, the church strongly believed that all the Biblical stories are based upon the real events occurred from God either as reward on the pious humans for performing excellent deeds, or the punishments for making mischief and going astray from the right path of glory and virtue. Consequently, Noah’s survival in the grea t flood was the sign of the Lord’s blessings upon Noah, his family, and true followers, while the same was the token of His wrath on the disobedient and transgressors. Similarly, Abraham’s seed was bestowed upon with mercies and bounties in the form of spiritual and worldly leadership, while the later generations had to lead the life of slavery because of the malpractices the children of Israel had started committing. For instance, Judah’s scheme of throwing Joseph into the well, and people’s worshipping the golden calf in the absence of Moses invited the wrath of God on transgressors. All these incidents had occurred in reality, so declaring them as the parables and folklores really meant disclaiming the powers of the Lord and His universal system of justice and fair play. Mormon Church also disregards any claim regarding the evolution process and declares Darwin’s evolution theory as baseless and imaginary one in nature and scope.

Nurses' Responsibility in the Prevention of Medication Errors Essay

Nurses' Responsibility in the Prevention of Medication Errors - Essay Example In case of the medication error emergency nurses should be prepared to tackle with it. Keywords: medication error, emergency, injuries. Introduction It is true that field of medicine and bio technology is playing an important role in our lives. Several new medicines have been designed for specific diseases. And they are working efficiently, but the importance of prevention can never be denied. In some cases prevention is the only solution and also prevention is a lot easier than the medical surgeries offered. Prevention is not only necessary to safeguard our body from further diseases but it is also very necessary in the hospital environment to save the patients from any type of medical emergency. Therefore it is the responsibility of an individual, a nurse and a doctor to block the path of the undesired medical emergencies by preventing the medical errors. Medical Errors Are Nurses Responsibilities Since nurses are intimately involved in the health care delivery and are ultimately r esponsible in acute phases of the disease, it is important for nurses to understand the factors contributing to errors for effective prevention error (Lyer & Aiken, 2001, p.171). Improving safety at the point of care is the most important aspect of error prevention. Incorrect drug calculations, lack of individual knowledge and failure to follow established protocol, time pressures, fatigue, understaffing, inexperience, design deficiencies and inadequate equipments create opportunities for error (Carlton and Blegen, 2006, p. 25). A medical error is the type of error that occurs while offering medical services to a patient. â€Å"It can be defined as the error rose due to the wrongfully taken medical step or the incorrect treatment offered to the personal error, which can further result in medical emergency.† (Bootman, 2006, p. 25).There are many types of the medical errors. Nurses and Medical Error A lot of medical errors occurred in hospital by hands of the nurses. These erro rs are sometimes minor and sometimes major. Major errors can lead to a medical emergency or even death. Minor errors can be corrected by giving anti dote or other immediate medical treatment. On the one hand when nurses are the reason behind some of the major medical errors, at the same time they have the ability to prevent the same errors. A special type of training is given to nurses to ensure the medical safety of the patients and safeguard them from any emergency by any mean (Cima, 2007, p. 35). Why are the Nurses behind Most of the Medical Errors? After doctor, nurse is the only responsible body in the hospital and she should ensure the patients’ safety by any mean. Unfortunately a lot of medical errors are made by the nurses; this could be due to their extended presence in the hospital or more duty coverage as compared to the doctors. A lot many actions come under the duties of the nurses and they have to fulfill them without any delay or excuse. Errors Made by Nurses: Several types of errors made by the nurses are observed. Following are the most abundant errors. Read and Write: Reading the wrong drug name or other treatment instruction and applying them without any confirmation. Taking the wrong drug route or failing to give proper treatment with time. Writing the poor patient information, missing the medical condition in the report and giving half information are some read and write errors. Moreover

Law and Policy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Law and Policy - Case Study Example While analyzing the current information management practices, it seems that government laws as well as organizational policies play a vital role in improving the performance of information systems. A business organization must necessarily adhere to the policies issued by federal, state, and local government while managing its information and information systems. Considering the importance of accurate and timely information, federal and state governments have framed a set of information management policies so as to achieve a sustainable financial sector growth. Confidentiality of Information The US Federal government gives particular emphasis to the confidentiality of customer information. According to Federal policies (as cited in Bureau of Consumer Protection, n.d.), financial institutions have the responsibility to ensure the secure keeping of customer information including credit card numbers, income statements, and social security numbers. As per this policy, financial institutio ns are required to designate enough employees to coordinate their information security program. In addition, those organizations should also implement a safeguards program and regularly monitor it to ensure its operational efficiency. It is the responsibility of financial institutions to identify risks to the program times and to make adequate modifications. (Bureau of Consumer Protection). These strict policies regarding the confidentiality of customer information would certainly compel financial institutions to take sincere efforts to comply with the legal standards. Undoubtedly, such a legal environment can be helpful for those firms to improve their performance in keeping customer information securely. Similarly organizational policies also specifically try to promote the privacy of customer information as this practice is important to improve brand reputation and business growth. Integrity of Information The last decade witnessed a series of bank failures in the United States w hich intensified the impacts of the recent global recession. In response to this banking collapse, the Federal government strictened corporate governance policies for financial institution. As part of this policy change, the government pays particular attention to the integrity of information. As noted in the GAO financial report (1998), so as to accomplish this goal, the government tries to enhance the reliability and authenticity of audit programs and thereby assist stakeholders to obtain a true and fair view of the state of affairs of financial institutions at the end of the fiscal year (p.2). The government believes that such practice would assist investors to make sound investment decisions, which in turn would promote sustainable growth of the financial sector. These modified corporate governance policies issued by the Federal government will certainly require financial institutions to assess the integrity of various information they get during the course of business. Under th is circumstance, financial institutions can ensure compliance with governmental laws by avoiding practices like inflation and deflation of profits. Availability of Information Finally, ensuring the availability of information can also be influenced by the legal environment. Federal investigations have identified that accounting fraud and

Advantages of Database Management Systems over Traditional File Proces Essay

Advantages of Database Management Systems over Traditional File Processing Systems - Essay Example The file-based system also faces problems of security & integrity. The concept of database and the Database Management System (DMS) was introduced in order to overcome the limitations of the file-based approach. A database is a collection of interrelated data. The primary aim of the database is to provide a way to store and retrieve database information in a fast and efficient manner. (Seltzer, 2008) 5) Improved security: A database provides security to users in the form of username and passwords. Additional levels of security are also possible. It can identify the user type and accordingly provide them permission for retrieval, insertion, updating and deletion of data. (Jain, 2005) 6) Enforcement of standards: The integration of the database sets in place the standards for data formats, naming conventions, documentation standards, update procedures and access rules. Same standards for the data make it easier to access it & save a lot of time. 12) In a file-based system, each user defines his own constraints and sets his own rules for defining the data. Whereas in a database approach, a single repository of data is created which is accessed by multiple users. A database not only contains data but also contains the description of a database structure. This is also called ‘metadata’ ( data about data ). (Hoffer, 2007) 2) Higher impact of a failure as compared to a File-based System: The database approach increases the vulnerability of the system due to the centralization. As all users and applications rely on the database availability, the failure of any component can bring operations to a halt and affect the services to the customer seriously. (Thomas M. Connolly, 2004)  Ã‚  

Homework 3B Legal Aspects of nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Homework 3B Legal Aspects of nursing - Essay Example By the nurse unlocking the bathroom door and allowing the patient, Judy to shower by herself is a case that can be argued out both to be negligence on one hand and not negligence on the other hand. This act amounts to negligence following the fact that the nurse left the patient under no watch yet it is required that such kind of a patient should be under strict watch throughout and should not be left alone before they fully recover. Judy was found alone when she wanted to hang herself using a rope, this means that when given time alone anymore, gross mistake can be committed because the nurse do not know what Judy is capable of doing. Therefore, the nurse was not supposed to leave Judy alone in a place like a bathroom where there are several harmful objects that a patient like Judy can use to accomplish what they have really wanted to do over a long period of time. On the other hand, it was a bright idea for the nurse to have left Judy to shower alone and with the bathroom door unlo cked. This is an act that the patient requires to make them feel free when doing something which might make them have a sharp reflection over their lives and try to recollect the broken pieces together which can also , greatly provide a solution to the patient. In as much as Judy wanted to commit suicide, she also deserved to have some peaceful moment on her own may be while she’s showering to relieve her at least from some kind of stress. The other issue here is that fact that the bathroom door was left unlocked. This was a good practice that can not amount to negligence whatsoever due to the fact that; by leaving the door open, it would be very easy to monitor the patient and even to come to their rescue in case of any trouble unlike when the bathroom door could have been locked. The nurse however, needed to ensure that the patient was not left alone at any one time and even certain tools that could be used by the patient to accomplish a suicidal act were not left anywhere at the disposal of the patient. It was in order for the nurse to have left the bathroom door unlocked when the psychiatrist has come to see Judy since at that moment, the psychiatrist or any other person could pop into the bathroom and watch over Judy to see how she was faring on or even notice earlier if she was planning to do something that could take away her life again. Once such a thought had been realized, plans could have been put underway to rescue her earlier enough before any gross injuries could be caused. However, the nurse needed to keep a close check when the psychiatrist was leaving so that the nurse could take over and watch over the patient and make sure she is not left alone in the bathroom (Austin, Bergium, & Goldberg, 2003). To prevent this injury that was caused to Judy, the nurse, instead of letting Judy take a bath on her own, could have assisted her to take a bath or could have stayed with her in the bathroom and then ensured that she was taken back to her re sting room safely where continuous monitoring was being done to her. From a legal perspective, the patient was under the control of this particular nurse, therefore the nurse was obligated to offer all the services that were duly

The 60's Societal customs and norms of the period (such as gender Essay - 1

The 60's Societal customs and norms of the period (such as gender roles, and. Also what is the collective view on God during this era) - Essay Example The evident changes ranged from values, education, laws, lifestyles, and entertainment. As the article The groovy 1990’s discusses, the 1960’s was a decade in which gender roles were thoroughly questioned. Inspired by the success of the civil rights movement, women in America and elsewhere around the world had set out on a quest to convert the ensuing quest for racial equality to a pursuit for women’s rights. Access to a credit, equal pay, and equal rights amendments were some of the agendas that were being pursued. A notable feature of this era was the escalation in the popularity of the birth control pill. Besides being an affordable tool for curbing unwanted pregnancies, the pill became a symbol of female emancipation. Having acquired unrestricted access to the pill, women had finally managed to gain increased control over their future. Not only did they now have the power to pursue long term jobs, they also had the ability to pursue higher education and compete for careers previously preserved for men. Besides the pill, the rise of feminisms wa s another notable feature in the fight for a shift in gender roles: Throughout the 1960’s, women groups such as New York Radical Women and the New York Radical Feminists emerged to challenge male supremacy both within the family and the political arena. According to the book The Age of Contradiction, the first two years marked the emergence of the phenomenon, â€Å"radical feminist† (â€Å"1998 Howard Brick†). Musically, it was a decade characterised by a surge in the celebrity culture and celebrity worship. Taking a departure from earlier decades in which great musicians were merely appreciated, the 1960’s ushered in a new era in which musicians became the ideal representation of success and fame; musicians were now the only standard against which one’s fame could accurately be measured. It was thus a decade in which musicians such as Elvis Presely, Jack Kennedy

Iranian Hostage Crisis Essay Example for Free

Iranian Hostage Crisis Essay We chose our topic because we found it very interesting, how the CIA decided to rescue the six hostages, by making a fake movie and going into Iran, saying that they were scouting for locations for a movie when they actually went to the Canadian embassy where six people were hiding. Tony Mendez thought of this magnificent idea. The CIA gave the six roles to be in the fake movie, for example Director, Photographer, Costume Designer, Location Scouter etc. Eventually they got them to the airport to take the six hostages home with the iranian people fooled that they were people scouting for a perfect place to record their science fiction movie. The CIA person/ Tony Mendez along with the six hostages made it back to the U. S. safely. Â  How we conducted our research. The way we conducted our research is that to begin with we, read the book, and watched the movie, Argo which gave us a good idea or point of view on what happened during the crisis. Then we began finding primary and secondary sources and started conducting more research. Then we wrote letters to president carter and Tony Mendez, we are currently still waiting for a response. Then we began our script by which we already started working on our bibliography and process paper. We are currently searching for photos and continuing on the script for the documentary, we are also creating annotations for our bibliography on easybib. com.How we selected our presentation category and how we created our project. The reason we chose to pick our category is because we thought it suited our topic better than any other category. We thought this because this way we are able to explain what happened while the person watching the documentary can see photos about the topic, which may help them understand better because some people tend to learn easier visually than just reading or hearing someone explain a topic. The way we created our project is on a site called pixorial. Â  How our project relates to the NHD theme. Our project relates to the NHD theme because it is the responsibility of the CIA and the U. S. to try their hardest to get all the hostages out of Iran safe and sound. Our topic also follows the NHD theme of rights too. It is a part of the theme rights because with the Shah running Iran, Iranians felt like they didn’t have any rights, also the Shah didn’t treat them with respect. The Iranians were mad at the U. S. for not giving the Shah back to them so they could kill him. At that time the Shah was in the United States due to the cancer he was attempting to fight off.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalization

Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalization The term globalisation has many understanding from different people. Hill, (2005) as cited in Stuart, et al (2010), mentioned it refers most countries would shift toward a more integrated and interdependent world economy by the merging of historically and separated national markets into one huge global market place. Gavin C(2009)stated that it had replace those economic expressions such asinternationalization and transnationalism. Sadegh B.,et al,(2006) citied as Cheng (2000), mentioned that nowadays of people have great opportunity to learn from other countries. The globalisation could be superior grow that main driver key is there exiting many of preferences and the need of consumers from the worldwide (Pierre,D., 2006).Catherine ,D(2005) agreed that it could be reach an unexpected phenomena with high technology , advance communication and free trade market. 124 The impact of globalization has bring success of business to new level, where many countries have been go through it(EconomyWatch.,nd). In research based on Economy Watch team that found the globalization has bring forward on each industry and meanwhile it has destroy some of industry where its cannot survival though the impact of globalization. Their research have shown the financial industry could gain more benefit after the emergence of financial markets on global rather than local market, and be more efficient entrance the finance facility at other countries. With the free trade principle exercises on worldwide, it has result in boost up the finance flow. Economy of country will also increase whereas gain more business trade and investment from foreign investments, which has mentioned by Adam Smith, as cited in Ferraro (1998). 132 What are advantage and disadvantage of globalization? In generally , globalization has give advantage to company such as opportunity of develop new market for consumers have more variance choose the best quality product. It also provides educated understanding between different nationalities(bangkoklogistics,n.d.). Besides, companies can outsourcing their part of project that reduce time, uncertain factors and fail product. They can find more profit base on manufacturing rather than charge high price on consumer. Thus, they offer reasonably price for attach different type of consumer with good quality. Government has encouraging MNE invest directly on country that reduces unemployment by new investment and industrial ventures.(bangkoklogistics,n.d.) Disadvantage of globalisation Generally, for domestic supplies have to compete with international suppliers that lose the competitive advantage even fight with price. Thus, there would a lot of stress and threat of new type of colonization comes with much power and money from foreign player. Meanwhile, with the outsourcing concept, there would be increase jobless that is working middle class in developed country such as U.S(bangkoklogistics,n.d.). Among many companies have success in financial industrial though globalization, one of company can be more precise explain how reaction on impact of globalization and create new solution at nowadays which is Hong Kong and Shangai Banking Corporate holding plc(HSBC holding plc) The case study Justify why HSBC is MNE before history. Hong Kong and Shangai Bank Cooperate is one of examples success go though globalisations effect in financial industry. Thomas Sutherland was founder the HSBC while he was working in the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company[history]. He found that financial service management has huge demand in Hong Kong and China so that he and his group opened bank and established the HSBC in March 1865 at Hong Kong and Shangai. Chuan Li (n.d) stated that the World Bank operates the finance on worldwide but their goods, services were not satisfied, and inefficiency to local market need. Whereas, the World Bank unable afforded heavy debt and lead to a harsh economic imbalances. [111] By this lesson, Thomas had adopted the joint venture concept to operate business at different location(annual report). Thus, HSBC can reduce the uncertain from internal and begin a good relationship at local citizen and government. [35] Management of HSBC HSBC used the ethnocentric approach that easy communication between parent and subsidiary company at early stage. After subsidiary company has stability, then management structured can applied the polycentric method that efficiently and at short term to fit in the cultural and political of that country. With these approaches, HSBC has good start the step in their vision, which is the world local bank. It reminds people who want due to finance related with international and local that HSBC will be their first optional. Besides, HSBC also purchased those companies who specify area on financial field that can reduce costing, and decrease the uncertain risks. Nowadays of HSBC is one of the biggest banking and Service Company in worldwide and headquarter allocated at London. To reflect their vision, it has not ignored power of international network which has 8,000 properties in 88 countries and territories have include Europe; Hong Kong; Rest of Asia-Pacific; the Middle East; North America and Latin America.(annual report 2009)[116] With listings on the London, Hong Kong, New York, Paris and Bermuda stock exchanges, shares in HSBC Holdings plc are held by over 220,000 shareholders in 121 countries and territories. According to annual report 2009, HSBC has good maintained performance and well management convinced to shareholders during downturn periods. Because all shares are trading on the New York Stock Exchange in the form of American Depositary Shares(annual report2009).142 Production To fulfill consumers common need and differential preference, HSBC offer a wide range of production and diverse into four categories such as Personal Financial Services (including consumer finance), Commercial Banking, Global Banking and Markets, and Private Banking. Need shown how effect to world.Categories Personal financial services Commercial banking Global banking and markets Private banking *I will focus these three ,suit title need clear easily gopal. Impact of globalisation to HSBC [summary] Lead Emerging market , HSBC has gain excellent of results through emerging markets on past few years. HSBC has good aim on those potential countries, which would boost up the economic, after change the political and other direct factors. The brand of HSBC was not being easily for entered at foreign market because education of consumers was so weak at early century. HSBC have to send a respective for understanding on real situation and reaction on it. Thus, HSBC provided training at local citizen to build up local teams that enable reduce conflicts and create more jobs which is will accepted by their government. With a good relationship of government, HSBC has confidence gained good result and do further plan in future. Internet age, Arrive on Internet Age, HSBC has adopted IT concept, which applied on their branches. Consumers were not willing accepted the changed at begin period because the network services have not mature yet and unconvinced to consumers. For generation X, they were no confidence with unphysical of documentations and lower of education. However, generation Y has willing be learns new things and can adopt this new phenomenon. HSBC required all stuff be patetion and polite handle this type of consumers. Financial crises, HSBC has well management and be aware of worse on US shares before financial crises. Subsiders of HSBC companies have not totally full influence from financial crises especially Malaysia, and other Asian countries. Top management of HSBC believed that not all eggs should put in one basket. They have enough resource to support those other countries, which has be damaged during downturn. They also willing lend their hand to help on those companies had worst impact with limited resource. Reason why did they success on these issues? Solution those arise from Lead emerging market issues Problems: time scales, burden cost, risk on purchased company, failure response from consumers, will production enable suit to consumer need ,WTO issues, Globalization and market ?the forces of globalization would establish global market for standardised product purchased in huge volumes by consumers worldwide [ot] .while global market do indeed exist for some standardized product but where little product differentiation is feasible or wanted by users, with other product and services varying international tastes and preference mean that product differentiations vital to appeal to local markets. HSBC research team found that success in emerging market has need good timing and more information collection to make precise decision. With new tools of communication, HSBC can easily communicate to other location in efficiency that reduced costing on research, failure response based on customers. To avoid conflicts and risk, they had designed production in wide range that from common characters for general need of consumers until local differential preference. Free trade, less regulation international , Solution those from Internet Age Problem : instability network services, afraid on new technology (ATM), perception of consumer , Globalisation and production ? however it may not only be the cost based advantages of alternative production location which might lead to such outsourcing but possibly less tangible factor , HSBC believed the internet banking will became world trend by following improved the stability network services and evolution of technological. They has outsourcing the machine of auto transfer money where can launch on public in early that it will be competitive advantages. This new pattern of business transaction will increase perception of consumers toward HSBC in developed countries, but it seems need more time for developing countries citizen to adopted the change. Solution those from financial crises: Problem: confidence consumer toward HSBC , dropped expenditure suddenly, cash inefficient, Globalization and the role of the nation state? Loss of competence The impacts of financial crises have serious damaged on economic, government policy taken action for decrease influence on people. Thus, finance industrial suddenly shortage of capital, cash inefficient and withdrawn out huge amount of cash by customers. Fortunately, HSBC has well prepaid enough resource to handle this situation and still borrow out money as usual that it can proofing HSBC has capability go through this recession . There many of factor influence success HSBC on globalistion , it will used PEST analysis for details. Analysis application of theory to evidence Apply part 2 to the company in part 1 Pest analysis : why did hsbc success?[ others factors influence it ] Different used IFRS and GAAP Pest analysis: Political [need more two points] tax policy, Risk of Political Instability, 2010 Country Rating1 Australia 9.24 Singapore 8.78 New Zealand 8.76 Germany 8.49 France 8.46 United States 8.16 Hong Kong SAR 7.49 United Kingdom 7.41 China 7.12 India 7.08 Malaysia 6.90 Taiwan 6.42 Korea 5.72 Japan 5.40 Indonesia 4.94 Philippines 3.50 Thailand 1.75 Footnotes: 1: 0 = very high, 10 = very low Source: The IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook, 2010, Switzerland, www.imd.ch/wcy. According to Business in Sydeny and NSW (2010), third ranked fallen on Australia that shown has a lower risk and uncertain on political. Thus, mostly investors invest on Australia where safe and stable political framework is. United Kingdom: United Kingdom has very little on political risk because of the efficiency on the Westminster system whereby adopted by Australia government (Business in Sydeny and NSW, 2010). During recession, the government of UK has applied some incentive solution even though changed loosening fiscal policy to tightening fiscal policy that grape those attention of public finances (AMB Country Risk Report, 2010c). Malaysia: Malaysia ranked on 13th that has moderate of political risk (Business in Sydeny and NSW, 2010). Malaysia has three major groups of people likes Malay, Chinese and India who are living in peaceful and understanding on each culture(Malaysia truly Asia,2009) .They also working together handle problems that avoid happen serious conflict against on May 1969. The national front consists of UMNO is the Malaysia government which included others races parties as MCA (Malaysian Chinese Association) and MIC (Malaysian Indian Congress) are collaborating for peaceful civilization(Malaysia truly Asia,2009). However, according to AMB research (2010b), found that the government is slowly applying inventiveness which citizen enable accept public contract in more transparency, less subsidies and involvement from government. Besides, government also has encouraging foreign invest in economic sectors (Malaysia truly Asia, 2009). Thus, Malaysian can be achieving the dream of being develop country on 2020. Tax policy : company has paid 28% of tax per yearly Well structure protection employees under Employment Act 1995( stable and good frame structure and can complain labor office http://www.pesaraonline.net/eatutorial.htm) Industrial Relations Act 1967 (major manufacturing law) http://www.pesaraonline.net/ir-guides.htm Trade unions act 1959 (major shareholder and director law) http://www.pesaraonline.net/tua-guide.htm China: China has a high risk of political even ranked after United Kingdom, because it has strongly stability of government and social based on summary A.M.Best Company(2010a).In report mentioned that government look for balance toward communist central with the capitalist- style economic center where can cooperate East industrial. China is a large and huge of population, but considers as developing country with terms of GDP (gross domestic product), infrastructure, and others (A.M.Best Company, 2010a). If advance of industrial keep on expand, it will increase unemployment rate that become useless toward GDP. The government has majority power to control it that avoid happen. Legal : United Kingdom: Malaysia: China: Economics(GDP): GDP, exchange rate , inflation, FDI United Kingdom: Economy 2000 2005 2007 2008 GDP (current US$) (billions) 1,477.58 2,280.11 2,799.04 2,662.65 GDP growth (annual %) 3.9 2.2 2.6 0.5 Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) 1.2 2.0 2.9 3.0 Agriculture, value added (% of GDP) 1 1 1 1 Industry, value added (% of GDP) 27 23 23 24 Services, etc., value added (% of GDP) 72 76 76 76 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 28 26 26 29 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 29 30 30 32 Gross capital formation (% of GDP) 18 17 18 17 Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) 37.1 36.9 37.4 38.3 Cash surplus/deficit (% of GDP) 1.7 -2.9 -2.6 -4.7 According table 1.a[ GDP, GDP growth, inflation ] the growth of GDP has stable increase because consumer spending more actively on these few years . Then, average of inflation is moderate. The GDP has boost up over than 200 billion which means average of business were doing well. The government has increased inflation rates during high peak of GDP, but it has decrease rate during turn down that increased consumer spending. Industrial sectors, [agriculture, industry, services ] Industrial sector has growth up after but it seems slow down before year 2008.the emerging market has bring benefit to industrial such as lower labour cost ,but them faced many competitors form worldwide. Exprorts and important of good and serives [the exporting percentage has lower than import percentage that business loss some absolute advantages, Gross capital ,revenue , cash surplus or deficit ] the gross capital allocated average 17% and 18%. The revenue percentage of GDP has reach more than 35% Economic Risk: Very Low à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The United Kingdom (UK) has the second largest economy in Europe behind Germany. Service industries represent three quarters of economic production, particularly financial services and real estate activities. London is a global financial center and businesses there account for nearly half of the countrys financial services industry. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ While positive economic growth has resumed in 2010, the Bank of England is unlikely to raise interest rates until late 2011 at the earliest. United Kingdom has very low in economic risk by report ABM. One of biggest industrial that service can diverse into production, finance services and real se Financial System Risk: Very Low à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The Financial Services Authority (FSA) regulates the UK financial services industries, including insurance. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The UK is widely seen as a major center for international insurance and reinsurance and is home to the London Market, a wholesale market that writes risk around the world. Lloyds of London accounts for over half of the business on the London Market. Global links Merchandise trade (% of GDP) 42.9 39.4 37.9 41.0 Net barter terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100 105 104 105 External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions) .. .. .. .. Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and income) .. .. .. .. Net migration (thousands) 494 948 .. .. Workers remittances and compensation of employees, received (current US$) (millions) 3,614 6,302 7,877 7,861 Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions) 122,157 177,405 202,071 93,506 Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$) (millions) .. .. .. .. Malaysia: Economy 2005 2006 2007 2008 GDP (current US$) (billions) 93.79 137.85 185.98 221.16 GDP growth (annual %) 8.9 5.3 6.2 4.6 Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) 8.9 4.6 4.9 10.3 Agriculture, value added (% of GDP) 1 8 10 .. Industry, value added (% of GDP) 48 50 48 .. Services, etc., value added (% of GDP) 51 42 42 .. Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 120 117 111 .. Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 101 95 90 .. Gross capital formation (% of GDP) 27 20 22 .. Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) 18.5 .. .. .. Cash surplus/deficit (% of GDP) -3.0 .. .. .. According to the data of the World Bank, shown that the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is $ 191601,000,000 Financial System Risk: Low à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The insurance industry in Malaysia is regulated by the central bank, Bank Negara Malaysia. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The Malaysian government continues to support the takaful and retakaful sectors as part of its strategy to make the country a global hub for Islamic financial services Source: IMF and A.M. Best Global links Merchandise trade (% of GDP) 192.1 185.4 173.8 161.2 Net barter terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100 102 102 104 External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions) 41,874 51,981 61,567 66,182 Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and income) 5.6 5.6 4.8 .. Net migration (thousands) 498 150 .. .. Workers remittances and compensation of employees, received (current US$) (millions) 342 1,117 1,570 1,329 Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions) 3,788 3,966 8,454 7,376 Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$) (millions) 45 26 200 158 Economic Risk: Moderate à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ At independence, in the 1960s, the Malaysian economy depended upon rubber and tin. Since then, the economy has transformed to become a regional manufacturing center, services provider and offshore financial center. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The government encourages foreign investment but maintains approval rights for individual investments, often opting to restrict foreign equity or encouraging the transfer of technology from foreign firms. China: Economy 2005 2006 2006 2008 GDP (current US$) (billions) 1,198.48 2,257.07 3,505.53 4,532.79 GDP growth (annual %) 8.4 11.3 14.2 9.6 Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) 2.1 3.9 7.6 7.8 Agriculture, value added (% of GDP) 15 12 11 11 Industry, value added (% of GDP) 46 47 47 47 Services, etc., value added (% of GDP) 39 41 42 42 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 23 37 38 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 21 32 30 27 Gross capital formation (% of GDP) 35 44 42 43 Revenue, excluding grants (% of GDP) .. 9.7 17.0 .. Cash surplus/deficit (% of GDP) .. -1.4 .. .. Economic Risk: Low à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ China, the worlds most populous country, is home to the worlds third largest economy. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Rapid growth rates are driven by a strong export sector, state expenditures, construction and infrastructure development. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The government was able to respond to global economic downturn by launching stimulus programs, which brought a strong recovery in 2010. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Expansionary policies have resulted in massive increases in bank lending, stimulating the economy but bringing rise to fears of increases in non-performing loans. Financial System Risk: Moderate à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The insurance industry is regulated by the Chinese Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ China is partially liberalizing its financial sector, which is a long and drawn out process but essential for the long-term sustainability of the economy. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The Insurance Law was amended in 2009 to enhance regulation in core areas such as the strength of the supervisory authority and solvency and investment guidelines. Global links Merchandise trade (% of GDP) 39.6 63.0 62.1 56.5 Net barter terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100 86 80 74 External debt stocks, total (DOD, current US$) (millions) 145,711 283,986 373,773 378,245 Total debt service (% of exports of goods, services and income) 9.3 3.1 2.2 2.0 Net migration (thousands) -786 -2,058 .. .. Workers remittances and compensation of employees, received (current US$) (millions) 5,237 24,102 38,791 48,524 Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) (millions) 38,399 79,127 138,413 147,791 Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$) (millions) 1,712 1,814 1,487 1,489 Social or cultures:[one more points] Religions: United Kingdom: Regional Summary: Western Europe à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Western Europe is a highly developed and affluent region. The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of 27 countries that accounts for 30% of world gross domestic product (GDP). The EU is facilitating a single European market with standardized regulatory systems and free movement of people, goods, services and capital. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The euro-zone is made up of the 16 EU members that have adopted the euro as their currency. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Most, if not all, of Western Europe has been experiencing a severe economic slowdown and several countries remain in recession. While the European Central Bank has cut interest rates to spur demand, economic growth in the region has been generally modest. People Income share held by lowest 20% .. .. .. .. Life expectancy at birth, total (years) 78 79 80 80 Fertility rate, total (births per woman) 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.9 Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) 28 26 24 24 Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15-49) .. .. .. .. Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) .. .. .. .. Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000) 7 6 6 6 Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age (% of children under 5) .. .. .. .. Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) 88 82 86 86 Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. .. .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education (%) 100 101 102 101 Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) 0.1 0.2 0.2 .. Malaysia: Regional Summary: Southeast Asia à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Southeast Asia is a critical part of the world trading system and while the regions economies remain somewhat dependent on agriculture, manufacturing and services have been the engine for growth. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The region has been remarkably resilient to the global economic slowdown. While regionally growth slowed as the economies of their large trading partners (notably the U.S. and Europe) went through recession, the slowdown was in most cases moderate and the recovery in 2010 has been very strong. People Income share held by lowest 20% .. .. .. .. Life expectancy at birth, total (years) 73 74 74 74 Fertility rate, total (births per woman) 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.6 Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) 15 14 13 13 Contraceptive prevalence (% of women ages 15-49) .. .. .. .. Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) .. 98 .. .. Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000) 10 8 7 6 Malnutrition prevalence, weight for age (% of children under 5) .. .. .. .. Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) 88 90 95 95 Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. 98 96 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education (%) 103 104 103 .. Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49) 0.3 0.5 0.5 .. China: Regional Summary: Eastern Asia à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Eastern Asia is home to some of the worlds largest and most advanced economies. China and Japan are both in the worlds top five countries measured by gross domestic product (GDP). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ In the aftermath of the Southeast Asian financial crisis in the late 1990s, much of the region underwent a restructuring of traditional economic and financial practices to match international best practices in regulation. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The region as a whole weathered the global financial crisis well, with local demand powered by government stimulus helping to maintain positive economic growth. People Income share held by lowest 20% ..

World War Ii In Southeast Asia History Essay

World War Ii In Southeast Asia History Essay Japanese occupation in Indochina. The Japanese Invasion of French Indochina, also known as the Vietnam Expedition, was a move of Japanese Empire in September 1940, during the Second Sino-Japanese War, to prevent China from importing arms and fuel through French Indochina, especially through Sino-Vietnam border. With the outbreak of World War II, France was force to withdraw its best troops from Indochina in order to help their force in the war in Europe. Thus, it was a wide open opportunity to the Japanese. Japan saw that French Indochina would need to be protected so that other foreign powers couldnt seek to take advantage of Frances plight. Earlier, Japan demanded the French colonial to close the Hanoi-Kunming railway in order to abandon the shipments of war-related goods from Vietnam to China. Later, the Japanese sought to gain control over the Haiphong-Yunnan railroad so that it could attack the main supply based of Chiang Kai-shek. After the fall of France during World War II, t hat the Japanese seized power from French and occupied the entire Indochina. However, the colony was still administered by Vichy France, but was under the Japanese supervision until a brief period of complete Japanese control between March and August 1945. In Cambodia and Laos, in the short term at least, despite the fact that the French continued to administer these states and to support the traditional rulers, so that there was a limited growth of nationalist feeling compared to other states in the region. In Cambodia, politicization just began during World War II. By the 1940s, Khmer intellectuals had begun to form three institutions including the scholar Buddhist Institute, Cambodias sole French-language high school, and Khmer newspaper Nagara Varta (Angkor Wat). Cambodian feelings were outraged in 1940 after getting back some territories of the north-western provinces from Thailand under the Japanese support. However, the nationalistic movements in Cambodia were slickly under French control. The French and Japanese agreed to let French continued to occupy the Indochina, but Japanese forces could move freely in Indochina. French role was variegated in the growth of Cambodian nationalism. In order to reduce Japanese popular fascination in the country, French began to provide a quasi-nationalist movement to young Cambodians. Simultaneously, French glorified Khmers past and its future in partnership with France. Moreover, French also promoted the status and salary of Cambodians in the g overnment service. Unconsciously, in 1943 they pushed the strong nationalism feelings further by launching a program to replace Khmer traditional writing with a roman alphabet. The Buddhist sangha and intellectuals protested against this program because they considered that this was an attack on Khmer traditional learning and cultural heritage. The feeling of anti-French continued until the Japanese seized control of government in March 1945, and the Romanization was cancelled. In April 1945, the Japanese provide independent to Cambodia, but after the surrender of Japan in August 1945, there was no next step for Cambodia independent. Furthermore, there was still no anti-colonial movement in Cambodia such as national movements emerged in Vietnam and Indonesia in 1945. In June 1940, after the Fall of France, Laos was controlled by the Axis-puppet Vichy France government which was under the supervision of the Japanese. Most of Laos stayed under the control of French supervision until March 1945. Before March 1945, French had brought significant changes to Laos. A National renovation movement was assembled; schools and other amenities were built; Lao music, dance and literature were promoted. Moreover, First Lao newspaper was also emerged at that time. The nationalistic movement arose as well, especially in the Lao lowlanders. On 9 March, 1945, Japanese occupied Laos, so Laos stayed under the administration of French along with Japanese supervision. During the Japanese occupation of Laos, enormous amount of French officials were imprisoned. At the same time, King Sisavang Vong, who tried to declare independence of Laos and accepted Laos under the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity sphere, were put into the prison as well. Japan continued to rule Laos de spite constant civil unrest against it until it was force to withdraw from Indochina after the Japanese surrender in August 1945. The Japanese occupied Vietnam from September 1940 until the end of World War II. Japan came to Vietnam with the policy Asia for Asians and Japanese forces took only a week to control Vietnam. However, Japan still left the French colonial government there, because Japan could not provide enough men to occupy the entire of Vietnam. Japan left the French in charge and developed Vietnam as its client state. The French continued to colonize Indochina, but ultimate political and military power was not in their hands. Japanese demanded for resources and had priority over French policies. Thus, Japanese troops could freely access to Vietnams roads, rail network and ports, so that the Japanese could conquer Thailand and Burma easily. During the Japanese occupation, the Vietnamese were told that the Japanese were not conquerors, but liberators Japan would drive away the white imperialists out of Asia. Simultaneously, Japanese language course were introduced; Japanese films, literature and poe try were translate into local language as well. However, Vietminh considered Japanese as number one enemy. It was notable that the Vietnamese Communists rose up in the 1930s, before the arrival of Japanese. However, the arrival of Japan made Vietnamese Communists felt that there was no hope for them to demand for getting any power. Their numbers remained small and the French was trying to eliminate the political force that was considered as a threat to their role in Vietnam as well. As the war advanced and the altered of the political environment, it was an opportunity for the Vietnamese Communist-Nationalists. The Vietnamese was trying to develop its force in order to seize the power at the end of the war. By June 1945, Ho Chi Minh felt strong enough to create a Viet Minh-controlled area in north-western Vietnam. By August, Viet Minh forces seized the control of Japanese-held villages and towns. In early August, the Japanese forces prepared to leave after the Japanese surrender in World War II. Within days, Vietminh forces took control of most of northern and central Vietnam and declared Vietnams independence On 2 September 1945 in Hanoi. Exceptional case: Thailand Thailand was the most interesting country among Southeast Asian nations during the colonial period as well as the period of World War II because it was the only state in the region that was not under the foreign colonization. At the beginning of World War II, Thailand was under the control of an authoritarian government which was led by Prime Minister Phibun. In that regime, the government supported the restoration of the territories in Cambodia and Laos, and they rose up anti-French sentiment in the country as well. Phibun was trying to keep closer relations with Japan in order to seek support against France. In October 1940, a conflict between Thai and French forces broke out along Thailands eastern border. Then, it was a good opportunity for Japan to intervene to mediate the conflict. Japan used its influence with the Vichy regime in France to gain concessions for Thailand. As a result, France agreed to give away western part of Laos and most of Cambodian Battambang province to Th ailand. The restoration of Thai lost territory increased Phibuns reputation in Thailand. However, Japan wanted to maintain the relationship with Vichy, so that Thailand was forced to get only a quarter of its demanded land. In addition, they had to pay six millions piasters as a concession to the French. Relations between Japan and Thailand became tense; then Phibun turned to courting the British and Americans instead. In December 1941, Japan moved its troops into Thailand and demanded the rights to access through Thailand to invade British Burma and Malaya. Thai troops resisted but later the Phibuns government called for ceasefire. After that, a mutual offensive-defensive alliance pact between Thailand and Japan was signed and Thai entered a military alliance with Japan. Japanese troops were allowed to move freely in Thailand; however, Thailand still controlled its own armed forces as well as internal affairs. In January 1942, Thais declared war on Britain and the United States bec ause of the Japan pressure. Meanwhile, Japan had put its troops in Thailand and built the infamous Death Railway by using many Asian labour forces as well as allied prisoners of war. According to M. Walsh (2005), the Japanese engineers predicted that Death Railway would be completed in five years. However, the Japanese army forced the prisoners to finish this railway in only sixteen months. The causalities in the construction were very high there were about 12,400 deaths among the total 61, 700 labour forces. In 1943, there was tense situation between Japan and Thailand, and many Thai people began to against Japan. Because of the war, Thailand had experienced the economic disruption as well. In July 1944, Phibun resigned from office and left Thailand with the problem of preparing Thailand for an Allied victory. Thai politicians were under the controlled of Japanese until August 1945 Japanese surrender in World War II.

Joan Of Arc Essay -- Biography Biographies Maid of Orleans Essays

Joan of Arc Joan of Arc, first known as Jeanne d'Arc, was born in the village of Domremy, in the Champagne district of northeastern France. She was born on January 6, 1412 and died May 30,1431 at the age of 19. Joan is a French national heroin and a saint of the Roman Catholic Church. She rescued France from defeat during the "Hundred Years War" against England. In honor of her victory she is often called the Maid of Orleans. This is a story of her life. Joan was not a well-educated woman. She had never learned to read or write but was skilled in sewing and spinning. Her deeply religious mother and father, Isabelle and Jacques d'Arc raised her. Joan's father was a small peasant farmer, poor but not needy. Joan was the youngest of a family of five. She grew up herding cattle and sheep and helping in the fields during the harvest. Joan often referred to herself as Jeanne la Pucelle (Joan the Maid.) Joan, like most other children, spent much time praying to the statues of saints that stood around the church in her village. At the age of 13 in the summer of 1425, she began having religious visions and hearing what she believed were voices of saints. They started occuring once a week and as she got older they happened daily. She said the voices told her to always behave, obey her parents, pray, etc. She claimed they were the voices of St. Michael, St. Catherine, and St. Margaret. She was said to be a Clair Voyant, a person who has knowledge of events happening far away or in the futures without using any of the five senses. The visions and voices never left her. Finally, four years later she was convinced that God had chosen her to help King Charles VII clear the English from French land. Joan set out to Vancoulers to ask the military commander Robert Baudricourt, for an escort to visit the king. The commander did not take her seriously at first and laughed. Eventually he gave her what she wanted. At the age of 17 in 1429 Joan left to fulfill her first mission or triumph. King Charles VII had been king for 7 years prior. His main enemies were the English and the Burgundians, who supported the English. Both parties controlled Paris and the northern part of France. His enemies did not accept the King. Charles had never been crowned because where kings were crowned was in enemy territory. Meanwhile the military situation of King Cha... ...sisted that her visions and voices came from God. Charles, whom Joan had helped crown, sent no one to rescue her. Months later Joan was sentenced to death by a French Clergy. She was burned at the stake before a large crowd in a marketplace of Rouen, France on May 30, 1431. Her courageous death had caused many to believe they had witnessed the martyrdom of a Saint. Martyrdom is the extreme suffering of a person because of heretics, or strong opinions. Joan did not receive a Christian Burial. Instead her ashes were thrown into the Seine River. In 1455 her family called for a new trial. In 1456, a mere 25 years later, Pope Calixtus III declared that Joan was innocent in the end. Almost 500 years later in 1909 Pope Pius X beatified her, or proclaimed her to exalt above all others. Which is a step towards canonization, or sainthood in the Roman Catholic Church. In 1920, almost 500 years after her death, the Catholic Church canonized Joan, or declared her to be a saint. Her feast day is celebrated the day of her death, May 30. Today many authors write about Joan of Arc. Patriots, people studying the super natural, supporters of women's rights, and many more admire her.

Russian Mothers :: essays research papers

Mother Love-Nurturing or Torturing?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Pavlova's novel titled â€Å"A Double Life† a story is told about the relationship between mother and daughter. Throughout the novel we see examples of strict discipline and harsh living conditions for the daughter. One example that we see how serious the mother s about how to raise a daughter is by making some decision for the daughter. We constantly that the mothers in this novel will choose when they go to sleep,with whom they play with. It even goes to the distance of marriage. Cecily's mother at one point admits to how proud she is of herself for creating such a perfect well behaved daughter. It looks as if the mothers are treating their own daughters like pawns in a chess game against one another to see who has the most perfect daughter. Another belief that the mothers believe in is that a mothers obligation is to be able to read into the souls of the daughters,in order to prevent any damage to be done and to keep them safe at all times. In doing t his,one denies the daughters right to choose or grow and it even creates a gap between their relationship of mother and daughter. It basically not healthy for either one. As we see the results of what bad can happens when a mother takes full control of a daughters life,we see the foreshadowing of a bad marriage. In the case of Cecile and Demitry, at one point Demitry takes a bet from his friends that he will remain the same bachelor before the life of marriage approaches. This can only mean one thing, he's going to treat Cecile and the marriage like a joke. Also Cecile herself doesn't feel right about the marriage,but backing down would embarrassed her mother and Cecile's been raised not to even talk back,god forbid going against what her mother picked out as a future husband. Misery is what the future holds for Cecile and her dreams are long gone. Every decision has been chosen not by her,but by her mother.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Medea† is a short story that shows how sore a marriage can go when attention is not payed to a mother. In this story we see the story of cab driver unfold about the recent death of his 14yr.old daughter. He begins to tell the man in the back seat how much he loved his daughter.

The Tv Era :: essays research papers

The TV Era   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The 20th century marked the beginning of a new era - 'the modern age.'; Some of the greatest minds the human race has ever witnessed lived and worked during the last several decades. These 'fathers of technology';, who arrived well ahead of their time, created the world as people know it. Car, airplane, rocket, are only few of the inventions that prepared mankind for the 180 turn. Some of the inventions found their usage in every day's life, such as: radio, toaster, washing machine…and finally, TV. The TV industry started its development with the invention of the first TV set, somewhere in the early 1950's, and has never stopped growing since.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Discussion whether or not television is a positive part of modern life, might seem arguable from several different viewpoints. Positively or not, the television has affected the life of almost every human being on the Earth…   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First of all, people who lived before 'the television era'; could not hear the latest news at any time. The only source of news was the papers. However, without any significant technology involved, the newspapers could only report on the local events. On the top of that, usually such news offered information not accurate enough and too old to interest greater percentage of the population. All the people lived at the slower pace, by not knowing what was going on around them. For instance, a trading person who worked in the United States could hardly find out how British economy did. In the early presidential elections, the newspapers didn't inform enough those who worked on the farms. Therefore, they did not have credibility to vote. Nowadays, the TV campaigns allow us to know about every candidate's move and his beliefs and opinions towards foreign and domestic politics. More important than anything, with the television, ordinary people have a chance to keep track of world affairs. Today, an average person can come home from work, take off his shoes, lean back in the chair and turn on the TV. Then, he has the access to information about Bosnia and the children starving in Central Africa, both taking place thousands of miles away. On the other hand, the same guy maybe just wishes to watch The World Cup soccer match, or his favorite soap opera. The possibilities go to infinity. And how do we get the picture on the TV sets as the final product?

Harriet Jacobs, Slavery, The South, and the Civil War Essay

Harriet Jacobs remains one of the most important anti-slavery figures in American history. As a former slave turned author, Jacobs was very influential in shaping public opinion towards an anti-slavery sentiment. Jacobs was born into slavery in 1813. She would eventually escape into freedom in 1835. Her escape route would eventually lead her to Philadelphia where she would not have to worry about being returned to the south. (Most northern cities were sympathetic to escaped slaves) Upon moving to New York City, Jacobs would develop a personal relationship with a publisher named Nathaniel Parker Willis. Perhaps it was this relationship that inspired her to write her seminal work Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl detailed the horrible conditions that women faced in slavery. The stories were first published in the newspaper the New York Tribune. While the articles were well received at first, the graphic depictions of sexual abuse proved controversial and the serial was discontinued. Eventually, Jacobs work was published in book form. The book became an immediate sensation and significantly shaped an anti-slavery sentiment that surely fueled the abolitionist movement. While the north understood slavery was evil, the pure brutality of it was unknown to most. Jacobs work raised a much needed awareness. But why did the south embrace slavery in the way it did? There were a number of reasons why the south was a huge proponent of slavery. The most obvious reason centers on the enormous profits that the southern states were able to amass due to having free labor. In time, the south was eventually overly reliant on  slavery since it was a non-industrialized society. Without the presence of factories, modern machinery, and an industrialized production center, the southern states were reliant on human labor more than the north. And as previously mentioned, free labor in the form of slavery provided the mechanism for this backwards infrastructure. There were many issues that drove the notion of the south succeeding from the union. If there was a â€Å"final straw† that drove the southern states to succeed from the union, it was the election of President Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln had campaigned on an anti-slavery platform. When he was elected, he professed his assertion that no new states entered into the union would be allowed to be slave states. This led to several southern states succeeding from the union and to form the Confederacy. Obviously, President Lincoln sought to quell this succession as soon as possible. However, the tensions exploded on April 12, 1861 when the Confederacy launched an all out assault on the military base Fort Sumter in South Carolina. More than anything else, this was the inciting incident that led to an all out Civil War.   During the initial years of the Civil War, the south was seriously â€Å"hammering† the north as the north could not find a proper strategy to win the war. This situation nearly led to Lincoln’s defeat in re-election. However, Lincoln did win re-election and eventually found the right general in Ulysses S. Grant. Under Grant, the south was defeated and the Emancipation Proclamation was upheld. Slavery was no more in the United States. In the aftermath of the Civil War, the reconstruction of the devastated south began. One goal of reconstruction was to integrate the now freed slaves into society.  However, Lincoln’s assassination undermined reconstruction and African-Americans would remain disenfranchised in the south for an additional 100 years.